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Soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer
2017-11-11 12:15:36
Soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer
(multi) phosphoric esters as flame retardants occupy an important position in the application of polymer flame retardant. The flame retardant plasticizers used in soft PVC are mainly aryl phosphates and aryl alkyl phosphates. The phosphorus content of all phosphate esters used as soft PVC flame retardant plasticizers is similar, ranging from 7.8% to 8.6%. They are used to substitute for some phthalates and other ester plasticizers in soft, which can improve the flame retardancy of products, but other properties deteriorate in PVC.
It is reported in literature that three aryl phosphate flame retardant PVC has high oxygen index and elastic modulus, while the oxygen index and elastic modulus of alkyl two aryl phosphate flame retardant PVC are lower, because the flame retardancy of multi aryl phosphate is higher and the flexibility is lower. Moreover, the alkyl substituent on the aryl group also affected the flame retardancy and flexibility of the phosphate ester. The ignition time of PVC with phosphate flame retardant is shorter, and the difference is not large, between 10 and 20s, because the phosphate is easy to volatilize, and the pyrolysis occurs at lower temperature.
In addition, the effect of Polyphosphate on flame retardancy of soft PVC was studied by K.S.Annakutty et al. The results show that the PVC/ (DBP) / phosphate low molecular weight (including various phosphate, phosphoric acid ethyl ester three TEP, tricresyl phosphate (50/40/10) TCP), polyphosphates, can promote carbon PVC, and char yield with the increase of phosphorus content increased. However, PVC containing various polyphosphate esters does not differ greatly in thermal gravimetric data.
Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the presence of TEP and TCP made the behavior of PVC different from that of PVC containing polyphosphate, which basically did not promote the char formation of PVC, and the PVC was completely weightless at 550. In addition, compared with TEP and TCP, the presence of polyphosphate can inhibit the thermal oxidative degradation of PVC more effectively.
The oxygen index of most samples was mostly between 25~27, and the PVC containing polyphosphate had better flame retardancy than the PVC containing mono phosphate. In the comparison of PVC containing different polyphosphate esters, the oxygen index will be higher when there is halogen in polyphosphate. The flame retardant effect of alkyl polyphosphate ester on PVC is also better than that of aryl polyphosphate. In addition, three antimony oxide (Sb2O3) is not suitable for PVC plasticized with phosphate ester (two). It is reported in literature that such formulations can lead to the opposite synergistic effect and reduce the flame retardancy of the system.
Soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer containing ethylene, antimony and phosphate polymers. In a polymer, there are a variety of flame retardant elements, which have a better effect than simply mixing different flame retardants containing different elements, and can also effectively control problems such as plasticizer migration and volatilization. A soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer containing ethylene, antimony and phosphate polymers was developed by P.Kannan et al.
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(TCPP)
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(Flame retardant TCPP) is a colorless or yellowish oily liquid. It is soluble in benzene, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride and other organic solvents, but insoluble in water and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Its relative density is 1.27-1.31, refractive index is 1.4916 ( 21.5 ), viscosity is 58mm2 / S, chlorine content is 32.8%, and phosphorus content is 9.5%. As the molecule contains phosphorus and chlorine element simultaneously, its flame retardant properties is significant, as well as the plasticization, damp-proof, antistatic effects and so on. Tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) is an additive flame retardant.
The product is used for the soft / hard polyurethane foam, with thermal and hydrolytic stability good, especially suitable for ASTME84 (Level 11) foam, with low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin in low temperature application and phenolic plastics at. This product is also used to grab the foam sealant and sheet production. For polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, phenolic resin, acrylic resin and rubber, coating, flame retardant, also used for soft and hard polyurethane foam, epoxy resin, polystyrene, cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose tree and phenolic plastics, polyvinyl acetate and gun type foam sealant production. Particularly recommended for rigid polyurethane foam has excellent thermal and hydrolytic stability is particularly suitable for ASTM84 (II), compound for polyurethane foam and unsaturated resin and phenolic plastics.
This is a pink thick liquid, which contains P, Sb, N, Br and other elements. The soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer (Polyethy2leneStibinitePhosphateEsters) and DOP can be used together with plasticized PVC, and the oxygen index of PVC can be greatly improved than that of phosphoric acid three (ortho) phenyl ester. At the same time, the addition of hydrogen phosphate two amine (DAP) or aluminum hydroxide (ATH) alone will also improve the oxygen index of the sample. With the addition of DAP, ATH and polymer flame retardant fillers (FRP), the oxygen index can be increased from 24.5 to 27.5. However, the soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer has poor stability and will decompose at 80 degrees, so only a small amount of DOP can be replaced in use.
Brominated high molecular weight alkyl benzene soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer. Although the traditional flame retardant has a flame retardant effect on the system, but it may also affect the other properties of the resin to a certain extent, so people also want to find a better flame retardant, as little as possible to the impact of the resin. In 1991, there was a patent report that plasticized PVC with brominated high molecular weight alkylbenzene soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer.
Brominated high molecular weight alkylbenzene as flame retardant plasticizer of PVC resin has the advantages of flame retardancy, non-volatile and migration resistance. For halogenated resins such as PVC, the addition of this soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer is very effective. The higher the bromine content in brominated high molecular weight alkylbenzene is, the less smoke is produced in combustion; meanwhile, the high bromine content is also beneficial to improve the thermal stability of the system.
Two alkyl four substituted phthalate two formate (ester) soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer. K.J.Drost et al mentioned a kind of flame retardant plasticizer, two alkyl four instead of two phthalate (ester), which was composed of two kinds of organic alcohols with different carbon atoms and four substituted phthalic acid two anhydride or four substituted phthalic acid.
The soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer not only has good plasticizing effect, but also has excellent smoke suppression property. J.F.Day also mentioned the use of a mixture of two alkyl four chloro two phthalate and two alkyl four bromo two phthalate to plasticized PVC. Because chlorine and bromine have synergistic flame retardant effect, the existence of two alkyl four chloro phthalate two formic ester and two alkyl four bromo two phthalate ester has greatly promoted the flame retardancy of PVC, and the oxygen index of the sample is above 30. At the same time, the plasticity of PVC was improved, and its low softness and smoke content during combustion were improved.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
(multi) phosphoric esters as flame retardants occupy an important position in the application of polymer flame retardant. The flame retardant plasticizers used in soft PVC are mainly aryl phosphates and aryl alkyl phosphates. The phosphorus content of all phosphate esters used as soft PVC flame retardant plasticizers is similar, ranging from 7.8% to 8.6%. They are used to substitute for some phthalates and other ester plasticizers in soft, which can improve the flame retardancy of products, but other properties deteriorate in PVC.
It is reported in literature that three aryl phosphate flame retardant PVC has high oxygen index and elastic modulus, while the oxygen index and elastic modulus of alkyl two aryl phosphate flame retardant PVC are lower, because the flame retardancy of multi aryl phosphate is higher and the flexibility is lower. Moreover, the alkyl substituent on the aryl group also affected the flame retardancy and flexibility of the phosphate ester. The ignition time of PVC with phosphate flame retardant is shorter, and the difference is not large, between 10 and 20s, because the phosphate is easy to volatilize, and the pyrolysis occurs at lower temperature.
In addition, the effect of Polyphosphate on flame retardancy of soft PVC was studied by K.S.Annakutty et al. The results show that the PVC/ (DBP) / phosphate low molecular weight (including various phosphate, phosphoric acid ethyl ester three TEP, tricresyl phosphate (50/40/10) TCP), polyphosphates, can promote carbon PVC, and char yield with the increase of phosphorus content increased. However, PVC containing various polyphosphate esters does not differ greatly in thermal gravimetric data.
Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the presence of TEP and TCP made the behavior of PVC different from that of PVC containing polyphosphate, which basically did not promote the char formation of PVC, and the PVC was completely weightless at 550. In addition, compared with TEP and TCP, the presence of polyphosphate can inhibit the thermal oxidative degradation of PVC more effectively.
The oxygen index of most samples was mostly between 25~27, and the PVC containing polyphosphate had better flame retardancy than the PVC containing mono phosphate. In the comparison of PVC containing different polyphosphate esters, the oxygen index will be higher when there is halogen in polyphosphate. The flame retardant effect of alkyl polyphosphate ester on PVC is also better than that of aryl polyphosphate. In addition, three antimony oxide (Sb2O3) is not suitable for PVC plasticized with phosphate ester (two). It is reported in literature that such formulations can lead to the opposite synergistic effect and reduce the flame retardancy of the system.
Soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer containing ethylene, antimony and phosphate polymers. In a polymer, there are a variety of flame retardant elements, which have a better effect than simply mixing different flame retardants containing different elements, and can also effectively control problems such as plasticizer migration and volatilization. A soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer containing ethylene, antimony and phosphate polymers was developed by P.Kannan et al.
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(TCPP)
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(Flame retardant TCPP) is a colorless or yellowish oily liquid. It is soluble in benzene, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride and other organic solvents, but insoluble in water and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Its relative density is 1.27-1.31, refractive index is 1.4916 ( 21.5 ), viscosity is 58mm2 / S, chlorine content is 32.8%, and phosphorus content is 9.5%. As the molecule contains phosphorus and chlorine element simultaneously, its flame retardant properties is significant, as well as the plasticization, damp-proof, antistatic effects and so on. Tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) is an additive flame retardant.
The product is used for the soft / hard polyurethane foam, with thermal and hydrolytic stability good, especially suitable for ASTME84 (Level 11) foam, with low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin in low temperature application and phenolic plastics at. This product is also used to grab the foam sealant and sheet production. For polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, phenolic resin, acrylic resin and rubber, coating, flame retardant, also used for soft and hard polyurethane foam, epoxy resin, polystyrene, cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose tree and phenolic plastics, polyvinyl acetate and gun type foam sealant production. Particularly recommended for rigid polyurethane foam has excellent thermal and hydrolytic stability is particularly suitable for ASTM84 (II), compound for polyurethane foam and unsaturated resin and phenolic plastics.
This is a pink thick liquid, which contains P, Sb, N, Br and other elements. The soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer (Polyethy2leneStibinitePhosphateEsters) and DOP can be used together with plasticized PVC, and the oxygen index of PVC can be greatly improved than that of phosphoric acid three (ortho) phenyl ester. At the same time, the addition of hydrogen phosphate two amine (DAP) or aluminum hydroxide (ATH) alone will also improve the oxygen index of the sample. With the addition of DAP, ATH and polymer flame retardant fillers (FRP), the oxygen index can be increased from 24.5 to 27.5. However, the soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer has poor stability and will decompose at 80 degrees, so only a small amount of DOP can be replaced in use.
Brominated high molecular weight alkyl benzene soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer. Although the traditional flame retardant has a flame retardant effect on the system, but it may also affect the other properties of the resin to a certain extent, so people also want to find a better flame retardant, as little as possible to the impact of the resin. In 1991, there was a patent report that plasticized PVC with brominated high molecular weight alkylbenzene soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer.
Brominated high molecular weight alkylbenzene as flame retardant plasticizer of PVC resin has the advantages of flame retardancy, non-volatile and migration resistance. For halogenated resins such as PVC, the addition of this soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer is very effective. The higher the bromine content in brominated high molecular weight alkylbenzene is, the less smoke is produced in combustion; meanwhile, the high bromine content is also beneficial to improve the thermal stability of the system.
Two alkyl four substituted phthalate two formate (ester) soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer. K.J.Drost et al mentioned a kind of flame retardant plasticizer, two alkyl four instead of two phthalate (ester), which was composed of two kinds of organic alcohols with different carbon atoms and four substituted phthalic acid two anhydride or four substituted phthalic acid.
The soft PVC flame retardant plasticizer not only has good plasticizing effect, but also has excellent smoke suppression property. J.F.Day also mentioned the use of a mixture of two alkyl four chloro two phthalate and two alkyl four bromo two phthalate to plasticized PVC. Because chlorine and bromine have synergistic flame retardant effect, the existence of two alkyl four chloro phthalate two formic ester and two alkyl four bromo two phthalate ester has greatly promoted the flame retardancy of PVC, and the oxygen index of the sample is above 30. At the same time, the plasticity of PVC was improved, and its low softness and smoke content during combustion were improved.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
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