News Details
Polyvinyl chloride flame retardant
2017-10-26 18:16:13
Polyvinyl chloride flame retardant
PVC contains a large amount of chlorine atoms, which produces a lot of smoke, toxicity and corrosive gases. The main method is to add PVC flame retardant. This method is widely used because of its advantages of simple technology, variety of optional PVC flame retardant and low cost.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), English abbreviation of PVC (Polyvinyl chloride), vinyl chloride monomer (vinyl chloride monomer, VCM) such as peroxide, azo compound initiator; Or polymers that are polymerized by free radical polymerization in light and heat. Vinyl chloride and vinyl chloride are called vinyl chloride.
PVC for amorphous structure of white powder, branched degree is small, relative density 1.4, glass transition temperature of 77 ~ 90 ℃, 170 ℃ or so began to decompose, poor stability to heat and light, in more than 100 ℃ or the sun for a long time, will decompose and produce hydrogen chloride, and further automatic catalytic decomposition, cause discoloration, physical and mechanical properties also fell rapidly, must be added in the practical application of stabilizers in order to improve the stability of heat and light.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has good flame retardant performance, but adding a lot of plasticizer to the process can make its flame retardant performance drop greatly, so it must be treated with flame retardant.
PVC contains a large amount of chlorine atoms, whichproduces a lot of smoke, toxicity and corrosive gases. The main method is to add PVC flame retardant. This method is widely used because of its advantages of simple technology, variety of optional PVC flame retardant and low cost. The compound use of polyvinyl chloride flame retardant and anti-smoking agent has synergistic effect, which can improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression. As a result, the most recent research has been done.
The PVC molecular weight of industrial production is generally within the range of 50,000 ~ 110,000, with a large amount of dispersion, and the molecular weight increases with the decrease of polymerization temperature. No fixed melting point, 80 ~ 85 ℃ began to soften, 130 ℃ is a viscoelastic state, 160 ~ 180 ℃ began to change for the viscous flow; Good mechanical properties, tensile strength of 60MPa, impact strength 5 ~ 10kJ/m2; Excellent dielectric properties.
PVC used to be the world's largest and most widely used plastic. In building materials, industrial products, daily necessities, plastic flooring, floor tile, artificial leather, pipe, wire and cable, packaging film, bottle, foaming materials, sealing materials, fiber, etc, are widely used.
Polyvinyl chloride is a polymer that USES a chlorine atom to replace a hydrogen atom in polyethylene, a amorphous polymer with a small amount of crystalline structure. The structure of the material is as follows: [- CH2 - CHCl -] n. PVC is a linear polymer with a large majority of VCM monomers with head - tail structure. Carbon atoms are arranged in zigzag. All atoms are connected by sigma bonds. All carbon atoms are sp3 hybridized.
In PVC molecular chain, there are short intercellular structure. With the decrease of polymerization temperature, the regulation of the structure is improved. In the structure of polyvinyl chloride, there are some disadvantages such as head structure, branched chain, double bond, allyl chloride, and tertiary chloride. This kind of defect can be eliminated after cross-linking.
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)
There Are Three Industrial Methods: Phosphorus Oxychloride And Chloroethanol Reaction; Phosphorus Trichloride And Chloroethanol Reaction Reoxidation; Phosphorus Oxychloride And Ethylene Oxide Reaction (Industrial Commonly Used Method).
1, Phosphorus Oxychloride And Ethylene Oxide To Sodium Metavanadate As A Catalyst, At 50 ° C Reaction, The Reaction By Neutralization, Washing, Vacuum Dehydration Off The Low Boiling, That Is, The Finished Product. Chlorohydrin Can Also Be Used As Raw Materials, And Phosphorus Oxychloride Or Phosphorus Trichloride Reaction To Produce Tris (2-Chloro Ethyl) Phosphate.
2, 326 Kg Of Phosphorus Oxychloride And 1.0 Kg Of Sodium Metavanadate Into The Reactor. The Nitrogen In The Autoclave Was Driven By Nitrogen, And 650 Kg Of Ethylene Oxide Was Introduced Under Vacuum And Stirred At 45 To 50 ° C For 2 To 3 Hours. Evaporation Of Excess Ethylene Oxide After Alkali Neutralization To Neutral, Washed, Vacuum Dehydrated. Finished Product.
3. Put Phosphorus Oxychloride And Sodium Metaphosphate Into The Reactor. Nitrogen To Drive The Air, In The Vacuum Under The Access To Ethylene Oxide, At 45 ~ 50 ℃ Stirring 2 ~ 3h. Evaporation Of Excess Ethylene Oxide After Alkali Neutralization To Neutral, Washed, Vacuum Dehydrated Finished.
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)Use:
1. Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate Has Excellent Flame Retardancy, Excellent Resistance To Low Temperature And UV Resistance, The Steam Can Only Be Used At 225 ℃ Above The Direct Ignition Can Be Fired, But The Fire The Source Is Immediately Self-Extinguishing. This Product Is A Flame Retardant Not Only Can Improve The Material Level Of Flame Retardant Materials, But Also Improve The Flame Resistance Of Water Resistance, Acid Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. Commonly Used In Flame Retardant Nitrocellulose And Acetate Fiber As The Substrate Of Paint Coatings, Unsaturated Polyester, Polyurethane, Acrylic, Phenolic Resin, Can Also Be Used For Soft PVC Plastic Flame Retardant. This Product Is Used For The Amount Of Unsaturated Polyester 10% To 20%, In The Polyurethane Rigid Foam (Flame Retardant Polyether As Raw Material) Can Be About 10% In The Soft PVC Used As Auxiliary Plastic Flame Retardant When The 5% To 10%. Flame Retardants, Uranium, Thorium, Plutonium, Technetium And Other Rare Metal Separation Solvent Or Extractant.
2. This Product Is Widely Used In Chemical Fiber Fabrics, Cellulose Acetate As A Flame Retardant, In Addition To Self-Extinguishing, But Also Improve Water Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. The General Amount Of 5 To 10 Copies. This Product Is An Excellent Flame Retardant For Synthetic Materials, And Has A Good Role In The Promotion, Widely Used In Cellulose Acetate, Nitrocellulose Varnish, Ethyl Cellulose, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane, Phenolic Resin , In Addition To Self-Extinguishing Products, But Also Improve The Physical Properties Of Products, Products Feel Soft, Also Known As Oil Additives And Rare Elements Of The Extractant, And Flame Retardant Rubber Conveyor Belt Is The Main Flame Retardant Materials , The General Amount Of Added 5% To 10%.
3. Used As Additive Type Halogenated Phosphate Flame Retardant And Plasticizer. Molecules In Both Phosphorus And Chlorine, Flame Retardant Effect Is Remarkable, Not Volatile And Hydrolysis, Good Stability To Ultraviolet Light. Applicable To Phenolic Resin, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane And So On. Also Used As Nitrocellulose Coating Flame Retardant, PVC Flame Retardant Plasticizer, Metal Extractant, Gasoline Additives And Polyimide Processing Aids And So On. Can Improve Water Resistance, Weatherability, Cold Resistance, Antistatic Property. Reference Dosage 5% To 20%.
Crosslinking is divided into radiation crosslinking and chemical crosslinking.
1. Radiation crosslinking. The use of high-energy gamma rays, usually generated by radiation from a cobalt 60 emitter or electron radiation, is mainly used in the latter. It is also used to cross-link the crosslinking agent (monomers of two or more carbon-carbon double bond structures). But the operation difficulty is big, the equipment requirement is high.
2. Chemical crosslinking. The crosslinking mechanism of triazole disulfhydrate (FSH) was used as an alternative reaction to the combination of amines and sulfhydryl group. After crosslinking, the products can be improved with uv resistance, solvent resistance, temperature resistance, impact toughness and other properties.
According to the application range, PVC can be divided into: general type PVC resin, high polymerization PVC resin, crosslinked PVC resin. Universal PVC resin is formed by polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer in the action of initiator; High polymerization degree PVC resin is a resin added into the polymerization system of vinyl chloride monomer. Crosslinked PVC resin is a resin composed of crosslinking agent containing diene and polyene in the polymerization system of vinyl chloride monomer.
According to the method of obtaining the polyvinyl chloride monomer, it can be divided into two categories: calcium carbide method, ethylene method and imported (EDC, VCM) monomer method (ethylene method is used as ethylene method).
According to polymerization method, polyvinyl chloride can be divided into four categories: suspended method polyvinyl chloride, emulsion method polyvinyl chloride, bulk method polyvinyl chloride, solution polyvinyl chloride. Suspension method polyvinyl chloride is the largest variety of production, accounting for about 80% of PVC production. The suspension method is divided into six models with absolute viscosity: xs-1, xs-2... XS - 6; XJ - 1, XJ - 2... , XJ - 6. The meaning of each letter in the model: X- suspension method; S-loose type; J- tight type.
According to the amount of plasticizer, PVC plastic is often divided into: no plasticized PVC, the content of plasticizer is 0; Rigid PVC, the plasticizer content is less than 10%; Semi-rigid PVC, plasticizer content is 10-30%; Soft PVC, the plasticizer content is 30-70%; Polyvinyl chloride paste plastic, the plasticizer content is more than 80 %.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
PVC contains a large amount of chlorine atoms, which produces a lot of smoke, toxicity and corrosive gases. The main method is to add PVC flame retardant. This method is widely used because of its advantages of simple technology, variety of optional PVC flame retardant and low cost.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), English abbreviation of PVC (Polyvinyl chloride), vinyl chloride monomer (vinyl chloride monomer, VCM) such as peroxide, azo compound initiator; Or polymers that are polymerized by free radical polymerization in light and heat. Vinyl chloride and vinyl chloride are called vinyl chloride.
PVC for amorphous structure of white powder, branched degree is small, relative density 1.4, glass transition temperature of 77 ~ 90 ℃, 170 ℃ or so began to decompose, poor stability to heat and light, in more than 100 ℃ or the sun for a long time, will decompose and produce hydrogen chloride, and further automatic catalytic decomposition, cause discoloration, physical and mechanical properties also fell rapidly, must be added in the practical application of stabilizers in order to improve the stability of heat and light.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has good flame retardant performance, but adding a lot of plasticizer to the process can make its flame retardant performance drop greatly, so it must be treated with flame retardant.
PVC contains a large amount of chlorine atoms, whichproduces a lot of smoke, toxicity and corrosive gases. The main method is to add PVC flame retardant. This method is widely used because of its advantages of simple technology, variety of optional PVC flame retardant and low cost. The compound use of polyvinyl chloride flame retardant and anti-smoking agent has synergistic effect, which can improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression. As a result, the most recent research has been done.
The PVC molecular weight of industrial production is generally within the range of 50,000 ~ 110,000, with a large amount of dispersion, and the molecular weight increases with the decrease of polymerization temperature. No fixed melting point, 80 ~ 85 ℃ began to soften, 130 ℃ is a viscoelastic state, 160 ~ 180 ℃ began to change for the viscous flow; Good mechanical properties, tensile strength of 60MPa, impact strength 5 ~ 10kJ/m2; Excellent dielectric properties.
PVC used to be the world's largest and most widely used plastic. In building materials, industrial products, daily necessities, plastic flooring, floor tile, artificial leather, pipe, wire and cable, packaging film, bottle, foaming materials, sealing materials, fiber, etc, are widely used.
Polyvinyl chloride is a polymer that USES a chlorine atom to replace a hydrogen atom in polyethylene, a amorphous polymer with a small amount of crystalline structure. The structure of the material is as follows: [- CH2 - CHCl -] n. PVC is a linear polymer with a large majority of VCM monomers with head - tail structure. Carbon atoms are arranged in zigzag. All atoms are connected by sigma bonds. All carbon atoms are sp3 hybridized.
In PVC molecular chain, there are short intercellular structure. With the decrease of polymerization temperature, the regulation of the structure is improved. In the structure of polyvinyl chloride, there are some disadvantages such as head structure, branched chain, double bond, allyl chloride, and tertiary chloride. This kind of defect can be eliminated after cross-linking.
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)
There Are Three Industrial Methods: Phosphorus Oxychloride And Chloroethanol Reaction; Phosphorus Trichloride And Chloroethanol Reaction Reoxidation; Phosphorus Oxychloride And Ethylene Oxide Reaction (Industrial Commonly Used Method).
1, Phosphorus Oxychloride And Ethylene Oxide To Sodium Metavanadate As A Catalyst, At 50 ° C Reaction, The Reaction By Neutralization, Washing, Vacuum Dehydration Off The Low Boiling, That Is, The Finished Product. Chlorohydrin Can Also Be Used As Raw Materials, And Phosphorus Oxychloride Or Phosphorus Trichloride Reaction To Produce Tris (2-Chloro Ethyl) Phosphate.
2, 326 Kg Of Phosphorus Oxychloride And 1.0 Kg Of Sodium Metavanadate Into The Reactor. The Nitrogen In The Autoclave Was Driven By Nitrogen, And 650 Kg Of Ethylene Oxide Was Introduced Under Vacuum And Stirred At 45 To 50 ° C For 2 To 3 Hours. Evaporation Of Excess Ethylene Oxide After Alkali Neutralization To Neutral, Washed, Vacuum Dehydrated. Finished Product.
3. Put Phosphorus Oxychloride And Sodium Metaphosphate Into The Reactor. Nitrogen To Drive The Air, In The Vacuum Under The Access To Ethylene Oxide, At 45 ~ 50 ℃ Stirring 2 ~ 3h. Evaporation Of Excess Ethylene Oxide After Alkali Neutralization To Neutral, Washed, Vacuum Dehydrated Finished.
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)Use:
1. Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate Has Excellent Flame Retardancy, Excellent Resistance To Low Temperature And UV Resistance, The Steam Can Only Be Used At 225 ℃ Above The Direct Ignition Can Be Fired, But The Fire The Source Is Immediately Self-Extinguishing. This Product Is A Flame Retardant Not Only Can Improve The Material Level Of Flame Retardant Materials, But Also Improve The Flame Resistance Of Water Resistance, Acid Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. Commonly Used In Flame Retardant Nitrocellulose And Acetate Fiber As The Substrate Of Paint Coatings, Unsaturated Polyester, Polyurethane, Acrylic, Phenolic Resin, Can Also Be Used For Soft PVC Plastic Flame Retardant. This Product Is Used For The Amount Of Unsaturated Polyester 10% To 20%, In The Polyurethane Rigid Foam (Flame Retardant Polyether As Raw Material) Can Be About 10% In The Soft PVC Used As Auxiliary Plastic Flame Retardant When The 5% To 10%. Flame Retardants, Uranium, Thorium, Plutonium, Technetium And Other Rare Metal Separation Solvent Or Extractant.
2. This Product Is Widely Used In Chemical Fiber Fabrics, Cellulose Acetate As A Flame Retardant, In Addition To Self-Extinguishing, But Also Improve Water Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. The General Amount Of 5 To 10 Copies. This Product Is An Excellent Flame Retardant For Synthetic Materials, And Has A Good Role In The Promotion, Widely Used In Cellulose Acetate, Nitrocellulose Varnish, Ethyl Cellulose, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane, Phenolic Resin , In Addition To Self-Extinguishing Products, But Also Improve The Physical Properties Of Products, Products Feel Soft, Also Known As Oil Additives And Rare Elements Of The Extractant, And Flame Retardant Rubber Conveyor Belt Is The Main Flame Retardant Materials , The General Amount Of Added 5% To 10%.
3. Used As Additive Type Halogenated Phosphate Flame Retardant And Plasticizer. Molecules In Both Phosphorus And Chlorine, Flame Retardant Effect Is Remarkable, Not Volatile And Hydrolysis, Good Stability To Ultraviolet Light. Applicable To Phenolic Resin, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane And So On. Also Used As Nitrocellulose Coating Flame Retardant, PVC Flame Retardant Plasticizer, Metal Extractant, Gasoline Additives And Polyimide Processing Aids And So On. Can Improve Water Resistance, Weatherability, Cold Resistance, Antistatic Property. Reference Dosage 5% To 20%.
Crosslinking is divided into radiation crosslinking and chemical crosslinking.
1. Radiation crosslinking. The use of high-energy gamma rays, usually generated by radiation from a cobalt 60 emitter or electron radiation, is mainly used in the latter. It is also used to cross-link the crosslinking agent (monomers of two or more carbon-carbon double bond structures). But the operation difficulty is big, the equipment requirement is high.
2. Chemical crosslinking. The crosslinking mechanism of triazole disulfhydrate (FSH) was used as an alternative reaction to the combination of amines and sulfhydryl group. After crosslinking, the products can be improved with uv resistance, solvent resistance, temperature resistance, impact toughness and other properties.
According to the application range, PVC can be divided into: general type PVC resin, high polymerization PVC resin, crosslinked PVC resin. Universal PVC resin is formed by polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer in the action of initiator; High polymerization degree PVC resin is a resin added into the polymerization system of vinyl chloride monomer. Crosslinked PVC resin is a resin composed of crosslinking agent containing diene and polyene in the polymerization system of vinyl chloride monomer.
According to the method of obtaining the polyvinyl chloride monomer, it can be divided into two categories: calcium carbide method, ethylene method and imported (EDC, VCM) monomer method (ethylene method is used as ethylene method).
According to polymerization method, polyvinyl chloride can be divided into four categories: suspended method polyvinyl chloride, emulsion method polyvinyl chloride, bulk method polyvinyl chloride, solution polyvinyl chloride. Suspension method polyvinyl chloride is the largest variety of production, accounting for about 80% of PVC production. The suspension method is divided into six models with absolute viscosity: xs-1, xs-2... XS - 6; XJ - 1, XJ - 2... , XJ - 6. The meaning of each letter in the model: X- suspension method; S-loose type; J- tight type.
According to the amount of plasticizer, PVC plastic is often divided into: no plasticized PVC, the content of plasticizer is 0; Rigid PVC, the plasticizer content is less than 10%; Semi-rigid PVC, plasticizer content is 10-30%; Soft PVC, the plasticizer content is 30-70%; Polyvinyl chloride paste plastic, the plasticizer content is more than 80 %.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
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