News Details
Polystyrene flame retardant
2017-11-15 15:44:25
Polystyrene flame retardant
Synergistic use of halogen flame retardants and phosphorus containing flame retardants can produce significant synergistic effects of flame retardants and mixed flame retardants. For the synergistic effect of halogen phosphorus flame retardant, it is suggested that the use of halogen phosphorus combination can promote each other to decompose, and form halogen phosphorus compounds with better flame retardant effect than their single use, and their conversion products PBr3, PBr, POBr3, etc..
By pyrolysis gas chromatography, differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, determination of oxygen index of flame retardant temperature programmed observation method of polystyrene mixed flame retardant synergistic effect study showed that the decomposition temperature of polystyrene mixed flame retardant use slightly lower than when used alone, and the decomposition is very intense, the combustion gas cloud of chlorine the phosphorus compound and its hydrolysis product can form a longer stay in the combustion zone, the formation of a strong vapor barrier layer.
The research on the interaction mechanism of the synergistic flame retardant effect of polystyrene mixed flame retardant is not perfect. It is generally believed that phosphorus (such as urine, cyanamide, guanidine, dicyandiamide, hydroxymethyl melamine, etc.) can promote the phosphorylation of phosphoric acid and cellulose. The formed phosphate amine is easier to produce cellulose ester reaction, and the thermal stability of the ester is better than that of phosphate ester.
Synergistic flame retardant effect of phosphorus nitrogen flame retardant can promote the decomposition of carbohydrates at lower temperature to form coke and water, and increase the production of coke residues, thereby improving the flame retardant effect. Phosphides and nitrides form expansion of coke layer under high temperature, it plays a role of thermal oxygen barrier layer, nitrogen plays a foaming agent and reinforcing agent of coke. Elemental analysis shows that the residues contain three elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen, which form a thermal stable amorphous substance at the flame temperature, just like the vitreous body, as an insulation layer of cellulose.
Three antimony oxide two can not be used alone as flame retardant (except halogen containing polymers), but it has a synergistic effect with halogen flame retardants. The reason is that the relative density of antimony halides such as SbCl3 and SbBr3 generated by combustion of three antimony oxide in the presence of halides is very large, covering the surface of the polymer and covering the free radicals in the gaseous state, and also has the effect of capturing free radicals in the gaseous state of two. For example, when three oxide two antimony and chlorine flame retardant are used, the hydrogen chloride is decomposed due to the heating of the chloride, hydrogen chloride and three oxidation of two antimony react to form three antimony chloride and antimony oxychloride, and the antimony oxide is heated to decompose to continue to produce three antimony chloride.
The synergistic effect of hydrated zinc borate and halogen flame retardants has good synergistic effect. Under the condition of combustion, almost all the flame retardant elements can play the role of flame retardant by the interaction between them and their cracking products. Reaction of hydrated zinc borate and halogenated flame retardants generate two zinc halides and three boron halides, they can capture HO in the gas phase?, H?, the formation of a glassy isolation layer in solid insulation, oxygen, water dilution combustion zone generated by oxygen and take away the heat of reaction, it can play a greater fire resistance effect.
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(TCPP)
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(Flame retardant TCPP) is a colorless or yellowish oily liquid. It is soluble in benzene, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride and other organic solvents, but insoluble in water and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Its relative density is 1.27-1.31, refractive index is 1.4916 ( 21.5 ), viscosity is 58mm2 / S, chlorine content is 32.8%, and phosphorus content is 9.5%. As the molecule contains phosphorus and chlorine element simultaneously, its flame retardant properties is significant, as well as the plasticization, damp-proof, antistatic effects and so on. Tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) is an additive flame retardant.
The product is used for the soft / hard polyurethane foam, with thermal and hydrolytic stability good, especially suitable for ASTME84 (Level 11) foam, with low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin in low temperature application and phenolic plastics at. This product is also used to grab the foam sealant and sheet production. For polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, phenolic resin, acrylic resin and rubber, coating, flame retardant, also used for soft and hard polyurethane foam, epoxy resin, polystyrene, cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose tree and phenolic plastics, polyvinyl acetate and gun type foam sealant production. Particularly recommended for rigid polyurethane foam has excellent thermal and hydrolytic stability is particularly suitable for ASTM84 (II), compound for polyurethane foam and unsaturated resin and phenolic plastics.
The thermal stability of ammonium salt is heated to release ammonia, such as NH4 2SO4), the decomposition process is as follows: NH4 2SO4, NH4HSO4 NH4HSO4, H2SO4) NH3 = ten
The released ammonia gas is refractory to gases, which dilutes oxygen in the air, and the formed H2SO4 acts as a catalyst for dehydration and carbonization. It is generally believed that the latter is the main one. The other experiments show that the following reactions of NH3 occur in the fire: NH3, +O2, N2+H2O. It is found that NH3 has not only the physical flame retardant effect, but also the chemical flame retardant effect, accompanied by the deep oxidation product N2O4.
Although the nanocomposites are individually flame retardant, their principles are somewhat different. Nanocomposite materials refer to the dispersion of one or more components of a material in nanoscale or molecular levels in another component matrix, which has only been in the history of more than 10 years.
The experimental results show that, due to the existence of ultrafine materials, the performance of various types of nanocomposites is better than that of the corresponding macro or micrometer composite materials, and the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the nanocomposites will be greatly improved.
Some flake like inorganic materials can be broken into nanoscale structures by physical and chemical effects, and their lamellar spacing is generally between zero and several nanometers. They can not only insert some polymer intercalation into nano particles
In the sandwich space, the intercalation nanocomposites are formed, and the inorganic interlayer is also expanded by the polymer to form a monolithic mineral with larger diameter than that of the inorganic polymer. The inorganic interlayer is uniformly dispersed in the matrix of the polymer, forming a layered nanocomposite". Inorganic / polymer nanocomposites can be prepared by the characteristics of porous or layered inorganic compounds. In the process of thermal decomposition and combustion, carbon and inorganic salt multilayer structure may be formed, which can insulate and prevent the escaping of combustible gas, and make the polymer flame retardant.
Inorganic / polymer nanocomposites have the functions of corrosion protection, anti leakage, wear resistance and weather resistance. At present, the nylon / clay nanocomposites, PS/ clay nanocomposites, PET/ clay nanocomposites, PBT/ clay nanocomposites, PP/ clay nanocomposites and other nanocomposites have made gratifying achievements.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
Synergistic use of halogen flame retardants and phosphorus containing flame retardants can produce significant synergistic effects of flame retardants and mixed flame retardants. For the synergistic effect of halogen phosphorus flame retardant, it is suggested that the use of halogen phosphorus combination can promote each other to decompose, and form halogen phosphorus compounds with better flame retardant effect than their single use, and their conversion products PBr3, PBr, POBr3, etc..
By pyrolysis gas chromatography, differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, determination of oxygen index of flame retardant temperature programmed observation method of polystyrene mixed flame retardant synergistic effect study showed that the decomposition temperature of polystyrene mixed flame retardant use slightly lower than when used alone, and the decomposition is very intense, the combustion gas cloud of chlorine the phosphorus compound and its hydrolysis product can form a longer stay in the combustion zone, the formation of a strong vapor barrier layer.
The research on the interaction mechanism of the synergistic flame retardant effect of polystyrene mixed flame retardant is not perfect. It is generally believed that phosphorus (such as urine, cyanamide, guanidine, dicyandiamide, hydroxymethyl melamine, etc.) can promote the phosphorylation of phosphoric acid and cellulose. The formed phosphate amine is easier to produce cellulose ester reaction, and the thermal stability of the ester is better than that of phosphate ester.
Synergistic flame retardant effect of phosphorus nitrogen flame retardant can promote the decomposition of carbohydrates at lower temperature to form coke and water, and increase the production of coke residues, thereby improving the flame retardant effect. Phosphides and nitrides form expansion of coke layer under high temperature, it plays a role of thermal oxygen barrier layer, nitrogen plays a foaming agent and reinforcing agent of coke. Elemental analysis shows that the residues contain three elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen, which form a thermal stable amorphous substance at the flame temperature, just like the vitreous body, as an insulation layer of cellulose.
Three antimony oxide two can not be used alone as flame retardant (except halogen containing polymers), but it has a synergistic effect with halogen flame retardants. The reason is that the relative density of antimony halides such as SbCl3 and SbBr3 generated by combustion of three antimony oxide in the presence of halides is very large, covering the surface of the polymer and covering the free radicals in the gaseous state, and also has the effect of capturing free radicals in the gaseous state of two. For example, when three oxide two antimony and chlorine flame retardant are used, the hydrogen chloride is decomposed due to the heating of the chloride, hydrogen chloride and three oxidation of two antimony react to form three antimony chloride and antimony oxychloride, and the antimony oxide is heated to decompose to continue to produce three antimony chloride.
The synergistic effect of hydrated zinc borate and halogen flame retardants has good synergistic effect. Under the condition of combustion, almost all the flame retardant elements can play the role of flame retardant by the interaction between them and their cracking products. Reaction of hydrated zinc borate and halogenated flame retardants generate two zinc halides and three boron halides, they can capture HO in the gas phase?, H?, the formation of a glassy isolation layer in solid insulation, oxygen, water dilution combustion zone generated by oxygen and take away the heat of reaction, it can play a greater fire resistance effect.
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(TCPP)
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(Flame retardant TCPP) is a colorless or yellowish oily liquid. It is soluble in benzene, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride and other organic solvents, but insoluble in water and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Its relative density is 1.27-1.31, refractive index is 1.4916 ( 21.5 ), viscosity is 58mm2 / S, chlorine content is 32.8%, and phosphorus content is 9.5%. As the molecule contains phosphorus and chlorine element simultaneously, its flame retardant properties is significant, as well as the plasticization, damp-proof, antistatic effects and so on. Tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) is an additive flame retardant.
The product is used for the soft / hard polyurethane foam, with thermal and hydrolytic stability good, especially suitable for ASTME84 (Level 11) foam, with low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin in low temperature application and phenolic plastics at. This product is also used to grab the foam sealant and sheet production. For polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, phenolic resin, acrylic resin and rubber, coating, flame retardant, also used for soft and hard polyurethane foam, epoxy resin, polystyrene, cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose tree and phenolic plastics, polyvinyl acetate and gun type foam sealant production. Particularly recommended for rigid polyurethane foam has excellent thermal and hydrolytic stability is particularly suitable for ASTM84 (II), compound for polyurethane foam and unsaturated resin and phenolic plastics.
The thermal stability of ammonium salt is heated to release ammonia, such as NH4 2SO4), the decomposition process is as follows: NH4 2SO4, NH4HSO4 NH4HSO4, H2SO4) NH3 = ten
The released ammonia gas is refractory to gases, which dilutes oxygen in the air, and the formed H2SO4 acts as a catalyst for dehydration and carbonization. It is generally believed that the latter is the main one. The other experiments show that the following reactions of NH3 occur in the fire: NH3, +O2, N2+H2O. It is found that NH3 has not only the physical flame retardant effect, but also the chemical flame retardant effect, accompanied by the deep oxidation product N2O4.
Although the nanocomposites are individually flame retardant, their principles are somewhat different. Nanocomposite materials refer to the dispersion of one or more components of a material in nanoscale or molecular levels in another component matrix, which has only been in the history of more than 10 years.
The experimental results show that, due to the existence of ultrafine materials, the performance of various types of nanocomposites is better than that of the corresponding macro or micrometer composite materials, and the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the nanocomposites will be greatly improved.
Some flake like inorganic materials can be broken into nanoscale structures by physical and chemical effects, and their lamellar spacing is generally between zero and several nanometers. They can not only insert some polymer intercalation into nano particles
In the sandwich space, the intercalation nanocomposites are formed, and the inorganic interlayer is also expanded by the polymer to form a monolithic mineral with larger diameter than that of the inorganic polymer. The inorganic interlayer is uniformly dispersed in the matrix of the polymer, forming a layered nanocomposite". Inorganic / polymer nanocomposites can be prepared by the characteristics of porous or layered inorganic compounds. In the process of thermal decomposition and combustion, carbon and inorganic salt multilayer structure may be formed, which can insulate and prevent the escaping of combustible gas, and make the polymer flame retardant.
Inorganic / polymer nanocomposites have the functions of corrosion protection, anti leakage, wear resistance and weather resistance. At present, the nylon / clay nanocomposites, PS/ clay nanocomposites, PET/ clay nanocomposites, PBT/ clay nanocomposites, PP/ clay nanocomposites and other nanocomposites have made gratifying achievements.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
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