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Polycarbonate is used as a sulfonate flame retardant
2017-9-6 17:22:49
Polycarbonate is used as a sulfonate flame retardant
Have certain flame retardant polycarbonate itself, on the basis of relative molecular mass and different grafting, oxygen index was 21% - 24%, flame retardant performance of UL - 94 - V - 2 levels, better than the common plastic, polycarbonate may self-extinguishing, but it is still difficult to meet some application fields such as TV, computer, printer, the chassis and the component, the transformer coil, auto parts, building materials, etc on the properties of flame retardant PC (polycarbonate). In addition, the thermal melt of the polycarbonate when it burns is very easy to cause the nearby materials to catch fire. To this end, polycarbonate must be modified and polycarbonate is one of the most commonly used flame retardants for polycarbonate.
Currently, the main flame retardants used in polycarbonate are bromine, organic phosphorus, silicon, sulfonate and boron. Bromine flame retardants are gradually being restricted due to their environmental pollution. Phosphorus-containing flame retardants add large amount: 10% - 30%, most of the decomposition temperature is lower, easy corrosion mould, some can also affect the impact strength of the resin, even under the high temperature will cause yellowing of polycarbonate material, organic phosphorus flame retardants more commonly used in polycarbonate/ABS alloy. Organosilicon compounds are considered as a kind of high - efficiency, non-toxic, low-smoke and environment-friendly flame retardant. But the cost is higher, often with other flame retardant compound use. The flame retardant efficiency of boron flame retardants is not high, usually only with polysiloxane and can achieve better results.
Polycarbonate with sulfonate flame retardant flame retardant efficiency is high, can add very little polycarbonate UL 94 V - level 0 (3.2 mm thick), but to meet a higher flame retardant performance is to be used with other flame retardants.
Back in the 1970s: general electric and bayer applied for the patent for the flame retardant of sulfonates used in polycarbonate. At present, polycarbonate used in industry is mainly used for sulfonate flame retardants (KSS), potassium perfluorobutyl sulfonate (PPFBS), 2, 4, 5 - trichlorobenzene sulfonate (STB). The flame retardant mechanism of fire retardant can be divided into:
1. The flame retardant of gas phase, which is the free radical that inhibits the growth of chain growth in the combustion reaction;
2. Flame retardant of condensed phase, that is, the decomposition of the polymer in the solid phase and the release of flammable gas from the polymer; 3. Interrupt heat exchange. The heat generated by the polymer is carried away without feedback to the polymer, so that the polymer will no longer continuously decompose. However, the flame retardant mechanism of sulfonates on polycarbonate is different from that of the above mentioned above. At present, it is believed that it can accelerate the carbon rate of polycarbonate and promote the crosslinking of polymer molecules.
Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate
Appearance: Pure Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate Is A Colorless Or Pale Yellow Oily Transparent Liquid With A Light Creamy Taste.
Refractive Index (N20D) 1.4731
Boiling Point Of 194 ° C, Flash Point Of 225 ° C
Freezing Point -64 ℃
Decomposition Temperature 240-280 ℃
Viscosity 38-47 Centipoise (20 ° C)
Phosphorus Content Of 10.8%
Chlorine Content Of 37.3%, With The General Organic Solvents (Such As Alcohol, Ketones, Aromatics, Chloroform, Etc.) Compatible, Insoluble In Aliphatic Hydrocarbons, Almost Insoluble In Water, And Hydrolytic Stability Is Good, In Alkaline Solution In A Small Amount Of Decomposition, The No Obvious Corrosion Of The Product.
Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate use
1. Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate Has Excellent Flame Retardancy, Excellent Resistance To Low Temperature And UV Resistance, The Steam Can Only Be Used At 225 ℃ Above The Direct Ignition Can Be Fired, But The Fire The Source Is Immediately Self-Extinguishing. This Product Is A Flame Retardant Not Only Can Improve The Material Level Of Flame Retardant Materials, But Also Improve The Flame Resistance Of Water Resistance, Acid Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. Commonly Used In Flame Retardant Nitrocellulose And Acetate Fiber As The Substrate Of Paint Coatings, Unsaturated Polyester, Polyurethane, Acrylic, Phenolic Resin, Can Also Be Used For Soft PVC Plastic Flame Retardant. This Product Is Used For The Amount Of Unsaturated Polyester 10% To 20%, In The Polyurethane Rigid Foam (Flame Retardant Polyether As Raw Material) Can Be About 10% In The Soft PVC Used As Auxiliary Plastic Flame Retardant When The 5% To 10%. Flame Retardants, Uranium, Thorium, Plutonium, Technetium And Other Rare Metal Separation Solvent Or Extractant.
2. This Product Is Widely Used In Chemical Fiber Fabrics, Cellulose Acetate As A Flame Retardant, In Addition To Self-Extinguishing, But Also Improve Water Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. The General Amount Of 5 To 10 Copies. This Product Is An Excellent Flame Retardant For Synthetic Materials, And Has A Good Role In The Promotion, Widely Used In Cellulose Acetate, Nitrocellulose Varnish, Ethyl Cellulose, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane, Phenolic Resin , In Addition To Self-Extinguishing Products, But Also Improve The Physical Properties Of Products, Products Feel Soft, Also Known As Oil Additives And Rare Elements Of The Extractant, And Flame Retardant Rubber Conveyor Belt Is The Main Flame Retardant Materials , The General Amount Of Added 5% To 10%.
3. Used As Additive Type Halogenated Phosphate Flame Retardant And Plasticizer. Molecules In Both Phosphorus And Chlorine, Flame Retardant Effect Is Remarkable, Not Volatile And Hydrolysis, Good Stability To Ultraviolet Light. Applicable To Phenolic Resin, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane And So On. Also Used As Nitrocellulose Coating Flame Retardant, PVC Flame Retardant Plasticizer, Metal Extractant, Gasoline Additives And Polyimide Processing Aids And So On. Can Improve Water Resistance, Weatherability, Cold Resistance, Antistatic Property. Reference Dosage 5% To 20%.
Polycarbonate with polycarbonate/PPFBS thermo-gravimetric (TGA) spectra is between 455 ℃ to 531 ℃ appeared a peak, 503 ℃ when the mass loss rate (MLR) provision of about 20% / min, pure polycarbonate TGA spectra show that the temperature of MLR about 9% / min, the former is about twice as much for the latter. In addition, after adding PPFBS polycarbonate and pure polycarbonate residual quantity haven't changed much after burning charcoal (polycarbonate under 500 ℃ residual quantity of 40.1%, polycarbonate/PPFBS was 43.6%, 700 ℃ carbon residual amount of both types of 21.5%), but after adding PPFBS polycarbonate oxygen index increased from 26.8% to 37.5%. In addition according to polycarbonate/PPFBS system 460.8 ℃ and 515.8 ℃, the FTIR spectra, and compared with pure polycarbonate FTIR spectra, the conclusion is: the PPFBS flame retardant polycarbonate role as follows: 1, to promote the release of carbon dioxide and water; 2. Promoting the generation of phenolic substances; 3. Promoting the generation of aromatic and fatty compounds, indicating that PPFBS has the effect of raising the carbon rate of polycarbonate.
Research on the crosslinking of polycarbonate. Brady used the pyrolysis of a chromatography-mass spectrometry to find that sulfonate can promote the formation of dimer (crosslinking) of propofol, which is an alkaline catalysis reaction. According to this mechanism, the alkaline alkyl potassium oxide produced by thermal degradation of polycarbonate/PPFBS system can be used to maintain the crosslinking degree of polycarbonate.
Based on the structure of polycarbonate, Jameshines discussed the crosslinking process of polycarbonate in sulfonate. Unlike the structure of polycarbonate (such as PET and PBT), it has a specific degradation process, namely the rearrangement of the molecular structure after heat, which makes the polycarbonate crosslinking. In addition, sulfonate heating decomposition generates sulfur dioxide to promote the crosslinking of polycarbonate. Carbon is formed on the surface of the material. Prevent the release of flammable gases and the propagation of heat. The reduced heat release of polycarbonate is sufficient to reduce the flame retardation to the ul-94v-0 level. In addition, the crosslinking action can effectively inhibit the formation of molten droplets.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
Have certain flame retardant polycarbonate itself, on the basis of relative molecular mass and different grafting, oxygen index was 21% - 24%, flame retardant performance of UL - 94 - V - 2 levels, better than the common plastic, polycarbonate may self-extinguishing, but it is still difficult to meet some application fields such as TV, computer, printer, the chassis and the component, the transformer coil, auto parts, building materials, etc on the properties of flame retardant PC (polycarbonate). In addition, the thermal melt of the polycarbonate when it burns is very easy to cause the nearby materials to catch fire. To this end, polycarbonate must be modified and polycarbonate is one of the most commonly used flame retardants for polycarbonate.
Currently, the main flame retardants used in polycarbonate are bromine, organic phosphorus, silicon, sulfonate and boron. Bromine flame retardants are gradually being restricted due to their environmental pollution. Phosphorus-containing flame retardants add large amount: 10% - 30%, most of the decomposition temperature is lower, easy corrosion mould, some can also affect the impact strength of the resin, even under the high temperature will cause yellowing of polycarbonate material, organic phosphorus flame retardants more commonly used in polycarbonate/ABS alloy. Organosilicon compounds are considered as a kind of high - efficiency, non-toxic, low-smoke and environment-friendly flame retardant. But the cost is higher, often with other flame retardant compound use. The flame retardant efficiency of boron flame retardants is not high, usually only with polysiloxane and can achieve better results.
Polycarbonate with sulfonate flame retardant flame retardant efficiency is high, can add very little polycarbonate UL 94 V - level 0 (3.2 mm thick), but to meet a higher flame retardant performance is to be used with other flame retardants.
Back in the 1970s: general electric and bayer applied for the patent for the flame retardant of sulfonates used in polycarbonate. At present, polycarbonate used in industry is mainly used for sulfonate flame retardants (KSS), potassium perfluorobutyl sulfonate (PPFBS), 2, 4, 5 - trichlorobenzene sulfonate (STB). The flame retardant mechanism of fire retardant can be divided into:
1. The flame retardant of gas phase, which is the free radical that inhibits the growth of chain growth in the combustion reaction;
2. Flame retardant of condensed phase, that is, the decomposition of the polymer in the solid phase and the release of flammable gas from the polymer; 3. Interrupt heat exchange. The heat generated by the polymer is carried away without feedback to the polymer, so that the polymer will no longer continuously decompose. However, the flame retardant mechanism of sulfonates on polycarbonate is different from that of the above mentioned above. At present, it is believed that it can accelerate the carbon rate of polycarbonate and promote the crosslinking of polymer molecules.
Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate
Appearance: Pure Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate Is A Colorless Or Pale Yellow Oily Transparent Liquid With A Light Creamy Taste.
Refractive Index (N20D) 1.4731
Boiling Point Of 194 ° C, Flash Point Of 225 ° C
Freezing Point -64 ℃
Decomposition Temperature 240-280 ℃
Viscosity 38-47 Centipoise (20 ° C)
Phosphorus Content Of 10.8%
Chlorine Content Of 37.3%, With The General Organic Solvents (Such As Alcohol, Ketones, Aromatics, Chloroform, Etc.) Compatible, Insoluble In Aliphatic Hydrocarbons, Almost Insoluble In Water, And Hydrolytic Stability Is Good, In Alkaline Solution In A Small Amount Of Decomposition, The No Obvious Corrosion Of The Product.
Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate use
1. Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate Has Excellent Flame Retardancy, Excellent Resistance To Low Temperature And UV Resistance, The Steam Can Only Be Used At 225 ℃ Above The Direct Ignition Can Be Fired, But The Fire The Source Is Immediately Self-Extinguishing. This Product Is A Flame Retardant Not Only Can Improve The Material Level Of Flame Retardant Materials, But Also Improve The Flame Resistance Of Water Resistance, Acid Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. Commonly Used In Flame Retardant Nitrocellulose And Acetate Fiber As The Substrate Of Paint Coatings, Unsaturated Polyester, Polyurethane, Acrylic, Phenolic Resin, Can Also Be Used For Soft PVC Plastic Flame Retardant. This Product Is Used For The Amount Of Unsaturated Polyester 10% To 20%, In The Polyurethane Rigid Foam (Flame Retardant Polyether As Raw Material) Can Be About 10% In The Soft PVC Used As Auxiliary Plastic Flame Retardant When The 5% To 10%. Flame Retardants, Uranium, Thorium, Plutonium, Technetium And Other Rare Metal Separation Solvent Or Extractant.
2. This Product Is Widely Used In Chemical Fiber Fabrics, Cellulose Acetate As A Flame Retardant, In Addition To Self-Extinguishing, But Also Improve Water Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. The General Amount Of 5 To 10 Copies. This Product Is An Excellent Flame Retardant For Synthetic Materials, And Has A Good Role In The Promotion, Widely Used In Cellulose Acetate, Nitrocellulose Varnish, Ethyl Cellulose, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane, Phenolic Resin , In Addition To Self-Extinguishing Products, But Also Improve The Physical Properties Of Products, Products Feel Soft, Also Known As Oil Additives And Rare Elements Of The Extractant, And Flame Retardant Rubber Conveyor Belt Is The Main Flame Retardant Materials , The General Amount Of Added 5% To 10%.
3. Used As Additive Type Halogenated Phosphate Flame Retardant And Plasticizer. Molecules In Both Phosphorus And Chlorine, Flame Retardant Effect Is Remarkable, Not Volatile And Hydrolysis, Good Stability To Ultraviolet Light. Applicable To Phenolic Resin, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane And So On. Also Used As Nitrocellulose Coating Flame Retardant, PVC Flame Retardant Plasticizer, Metal Extractant, Gasoline Additives And Polyimide Processing Aids And So On. Can Improve Water Resistance, Weatherability, Cold Resistance, Antistatic Property. Reference Dosage 5% To 20%.
Polycarbonate with polycarbonate/PPFBS thermo-gravimetric (TGA) spectra is between 455 ℃ to 531 ℃ appeared a peak, 503 ℃ when the mass loss rate (MLR) provision of about 20% / min, pure polycarbonate TGA spectra show that the temperature of MLR about 9% / min, the former is about twice as much for the latter. In addition, after adding PPFBS polycarbonate and pure polycarbonate residual quantity haven't changed much after burning charcoal (polycarbonate under 500 ℃ residual quantity of 40.1%, polycarbonate/PPFBS was 43.6%, 700 ℃ carbon residual amount of both types of 21.5%), but after adding PPFBS polycarbonate oxygen index increased from 26.8% to 37.5%. In addition according to polycarbonate/PPFBS system 460.8 ℃ and 515.8 ℃, the FTIR spectra, and compared with pure polycarbonate FTIR spectra, the conclusion is: the PPFBS flame retardant polycarbonate role as follows: 1, to promote the release of carbon dioxide and water; 2. Promoting the generation of phenolic substances; 3. Promoting the generation of aromatic and fatty compounds, indicating that PPFBS has the effect of raising the carbon rate of polycarbonate.
Research on the crosslinking of polycarbonate. Brady used the pyrolysis of a chromatography-mass spectrometry to find that sulfonate can promote the formation of dimer (crosslinking) of propofol, which is an alkaline catalysis reaction. According to this mechanism, the alkaline alkyl potassium oxide produced by thermal degradation of polycarbonate/PPFBS system can be used to maintain the crosslinking degree of polycarbonate.
Based on the structure of polycarbonate, Jameshines discussed the crosslinking process of polycarbonate in sulfonate. Unlike the structure of polycarbonate (such as PET and PBT), it has a specific degradation process, namely the rearrangement of the molecular structure after heat, which makes the polycarbonate crosslinking. In addition, sulfonate heating decomposition generates sulfur dioxide to promote the crosslinking of polycarbonate. Carbon is formed on the surface of the material. Prevent the release of flammable gases and the propagation of heat. The reduced heat release of polycarbonate is sufficient to reduce the flame retardation to the ul-94v-0 level. In addition, the crosslinking action can effectively inhibit the formation of molten droplets.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
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