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Polycarbonate (PC) flame retardant
2017-12-4 11:15:49
Polycarbonate (PC) flame retardant
Polycarbonate is a strong thermoplastic resin whose name comes from the internal CO3 group. It can be synthesized by bisphenol A and oxychlorinated carbon (COCl2). The method of melting transesterification (bisphenol A and two benzoate carbonate are synthesized by transesterification and polycondensation).
Polycarbonate (PC) is carbonic polyester, and carbonate itself is not stable, but its derivatives, such as phosgene, urea, carbonate and carbonate, have certain stability. According to the structure of alcohol, polycarbonate can be divided into two groups of fat and aromatics.
Fatty polycarbonate. Such as poly ethyl carbonate, Sanya poly methyl carbonate and its copolymers, melting point and low glass transition temperature, the strength is poor, cannot be used as structure materials; but based on the characteristics of its biocompatibility and biodegradable, can be placed in drug delivery carrier, surgical suture, application of skeletal support material etc..
The commonly used polycarbonate (PC) flame retardants are mainly divided into bromine system, organophosphorus system, silicon system, sulfonate system, boron system and so on. Bromine - based flame retardants are gradually restricted to use because of their environmental pollution. Flame retardant addition: generally in-10%, most decomposition temperature is relatively low, easy corrosion molds, some will also affect the impact strength of the resin, even cause yellowing of polycarbonate material in high temperature, organic phosphorus flame retardant is generally used for the polycarbonate / ABS alloy.
Organosilicon compounds are considered as a kind of highly efficient, non-toxic, low smoke, environment-friendly flame retardant. But the cost is high, often combined with other flame retardant. The flame retardant efficiency of boron based flame retardant is not high, usually only with polysiloxane can be used to achieve better results.
Sulfonate flame retardant has high flame retardancy and a small amount of polycarbonate can reach UL 94 V-0 level (3.2mm thick), but to meet higher flame retardancy, it needs to be mixed with other flame retardants.
EF-42 (potassium perfluorobutylsulfonate) is a polycarbonate (PC) flame retardant. Its flame retardancy reaches V0 level. It does not contain chromium, cadmium, lead, mercury and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. It will not affect the transparency and initial physical properties of finished products.
Triphenyl Phosphate (TPP)
Flame retardant TPP has many advantages, such as excellent transparency, softness, bacterial resistance, and water proof, grease-proof, good electric insulation, as well as good compatibility. Flame retardant TPP is mainly used as the flame-retardant plasticizer for cellulose resin, vinyl resin, natural rubber and synthetic rubber. And it may also be used as the flame-retardant plasticizer for glyceryl triacetate thin ester and film, rigid polyurethane foam, phenolic aldehyde resin, and PPO, etc.
Flame retardant TPP is a kind of halogen-free environment-friendly flame retardant with phosphorus element. Most of the products in the market are self-colored flaky crystal, our product is self-colored crystalline powder, and is more soluble in organic solvents. TPP is not soluble in water, but soluble in benzene, chloroform, ether and acetone, and slightly soluble in Z alcohol. Flame retardant TPP is nonflammable with slight aromatic odor and slight deliquescence. The fusion point is about 50 ℃, and fast melts to hoop-shape when heated. The lubricate effect is excellent, and it is often used as the flame retardant plasticize lubricant. What is more, it is used as the flame retardant for many plastics and resins, such as phenolic aldehyde resin, epoxy resin and so on.
The mechanism of the flame retardancy of polycarbonate with sulfonate. At present, the main products in industry are potassium benzsulfonate (KSS), potassium perfluoro butyl sulfonate (PPFBS), 2,4,5 - three chlorobenzene sulfonic acid (STB). Flame retardant mechanism - flame retardant can be divided into: 1, gas phase flame retardant, which plays a role in inhibiting the chain growth of free radicals in the combustion reaction; 2, condensed phase flame retardant, decomposition and release of flammable gases prevent polymer terminated polymers in the solid phase of the heat; 3, heat exchange is interrupted, the polymer produced the heat away without feedback to the polymer, the polymer is no longer continuous decomposition.
However, the flame retardance mechanism of polycarbonate (PC) flame retardant sulfonate on polycarbonate is different from those above. At present, most of them think that when burning, it can accelerate the charring rate of polycarbonate and promote polymer molecular cross-linking.
The application of polycarbonate (PC) flame retardant sulfonates is present. The sulfonate flame retardants commonly used in polycarbonate are KSS, PPFBS and STB. STB is commonly used in the flame retardant and opaque polycarbonate, and its flame retardant effect is good. Adding 0.1% of STB in polycarbonate, the oxygen index is up to 25%~35%, and the flame retardant grade can reach UL - 94 V-0 grade. STB can also be used in combination with other flame retardants.
When used alone, the content of halogen elements in the whole system is less than 0.15%, and in some regulations is classified into halogen free materials.
PPFBS is also an efficient flame retardant for polycarbonate. Adding 0.06%--0.1% PPFBS to polycarbonate can make the flame retardancy of materials reach UL-94V-0 level (3.2mm thick). It is important to note that the dosage of more than 0.1% can not only improve the flame retardancy of the material, but also affect the transparency of polycarbonate.
To meet the requirements of higher flame retardancy, a small amount of siloxane can usually be added. When the dosage of siloxane is 0.02%--0.3% of the total formulation, the flame retardant property of 1.6mm thick splines can reach UL-94V-0 level. Polymethylphenyl siloxane is the most common use, but some siloxane affects the transparency of polycarbonate on PPFBS. The price of PPFBS is high. In practical application, it often takes some KSS instead of PPFBS to reduce the cost. For example, adding 0.02% of PPFBS and 0.3% KSS in polycarbonate can make the material reach UL-94 V - 0 (1.6mm thick).
Among the sulfonate flame retardants used for polycarbonate, KSS is widely used, it does not contain halogen, and is environmentally friendly. The addition of 0.05%--0.1% can increase the oxygen index of polycarbonate from 27% to about 37%, and it does not affect the transparency of polycarbonate. The deficiency is used alone can not meet the requirements of flame retardant high, such as thin-walled parts (not less than 2.5mm thickness) of the flame retardant level UL-94V-0. In practical application, it is often used with polysiloxane. In addition, if a small amount of fluoropolymer is added at the same time, the flame retardancy of the material is better. During the use of KSS, it is easy to absorb moisture and make the material yellow.
Among many flame retardants used in polycarbonate, sulfonate system has the advantages of less addition and high efficiency, but it also has some defects. For example, when used alone, it can not meet the requirements of some special products, such as thin-walled parts. Adding some synergist, such as siloxane and fluoropolymer, can further improve its flame retardancy in polycarbonate.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
Polycarbonate is a strong thermoplastic resin whose name comes from the internal CO3 group. It can be synthesized by bisphenol A and oxychlorinated carbon (COCl2). The method of melting transesterification (bisphenol A and two benzoate carbonate are synthesized by transesterification and polycondensation).
Polycarbonate (PC) is carbonic polyester, and carbonate itself is not stable, but its derivatives, such as phosgene, urea, carbonate and carbonate, have certain stability. According to the structure of alcohol, polycarbonate can be divided into two groups of fat and aromatics.
Fatty polycarbonate. Such as poly ethyl carbonate, Sanya poly methyl carbonate and its copolymers, melting point and low glass transition temperature, the strength is poor, cannot be used as structure materials; but based on the characteristics of its biocompatibility and biodegradable, can be placed in drug delivery carrier, surgical suture, application of skeletal support material etc..
The commonly used polycarbonate (PC) flame retardants are mainly divided into bromine system, organophosphorus system, silicon system, sulfonate system, boron system and so on. Bromine - based flame retardants are gradually restricted to use because of their environmental pollution. Flame retardant addition: generally in-10%, most decomposition temperature is relatively low, easy corrosion molds, some will also affect the impact strength of the resin, even cause yellowing of polycarbonate material in high temperature, organic phosphorus flame retardant is generally used for the polycarbonate / ABS alloy.
Organosilicon compounds are considered as a kind of highly efficient, non-toxic, low smoke, environment-friendly flame retardant. But the cost is high, often combined with other flame retardant. The flame retardant efficiency of boron based flame retardant is not high, usually only with polysiloxane can be used to achieve better results.
Sulfonate flame retardant has high flame retardancy and a small amount of polycarbonate can reach UL 94 V-0 level (3.2mm thick), but to meet higher flame retardancy, it needs to be mixed with other flame retardants.
EF-42 (potassium perfluorobutylsulfonate) is a polycarbonate (PC) flame retardant. Its flame retardancy reaches V0 level. It does not contain chromium, cadmium, lead, mercury and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. It will not affect the transparency and initial physical properties of finished products.
Triphenyl Phosphate (TPP)
Flame retardant TPP has many advantages, such as excellent transparency, softness, bacterial resistance, and water proof, grease-proof, good electric insulation, as well as good compatibility. Flame retardant TPP is mainly used as the flame-retardant plasticizer for cellulose resin, vinyl resin, natural rubber and synthetic rubber. And it may also be used as the flame-retardant plasticizer for glyceryl triacetate thin ester and film, rigid polyurethane foam, phenolic aldehyde resin, and PPO, etc.
Flame retardant TPP is a kind of halogen-free environment-friendly flame retardant with phosphorus element. Most of the products in the market are self-colored flaky crystal, our product is self-colored crystalline powder, and is more soluble in organic solvents. TPP is not soluble in water, but soluble in benzene, chloroform, ether and acetone, and slightly soluble in Z alcohol. Flame retardant TPP is nonflammable with slight aromatic odor and slight deliquescence. The fusion point is about 50 ℃, and fast melts to hoop-shape when heated. The lubricate effect is excellent, and it is often used as the flame retardant plasticize lubricant. What is more, it is used as the flame retardant for many plastics and resins, such as phenolic aldehyde resin, epoxy resin and so on.
The mechanism of the flame retardancy of polycarbonate with sulfonate. At present, the main products in industry are potassium benzsulfonate (KSS), potassium perfluoro butyl sulfonate (PPFBS), 2,4,5 - three chlorobenzene sulfonic acid (STB). Flame retardant mechanism - flame retardant can be divided into: 1, gas phase flame retardant, which plays a role in inhibiting the chain growth of free radicals in the combustion reaction; 2, condensed phase flame retardant, decomposition and release of flammable gases prevent polymer terminated polymers in the solid phase of the heat; 3, heat exchange is interrupted, the polymer produced the heat away without feedback to the polymer, the polymer is no longer continuous decomposition.
However, the flame retardance mechanism of polycarbonate (PC) flame retardant sulfonate on polycarbonate is different from those above. At present, most of them think that when burning, it can accelerate the charring rate of polycarbonate and promote polymer molecular cross-linking.
The application of polycarbonate (PC) flame retardant sulfonates is present. The sulfonate flame retardants commonly used in polycarbonate are KSS, PPFBS and STB. STB is commonly used in the flame retardant and opaque polycarbonate, and its flame retardant effect is good. Adding 0.1% of STB in polycarbonate, the oxygen index is up to 25%~35%, and the flame retardant grade can reach UL - 94 V-0 grade. STB can also be used in combination with other flame retardants.
When used alone, the content of halogen elements in the whole system is less than 0.15%, and in some regulations is classified into halogen free materials.
PPFBS is also an efficient flame retardant for polycarbonate. Adding 0.06%--0.1% PPFBS to polycarbonate can make the flame retardancy of materials reach UL-94V-0 level (3.2mm thick). It is important to note that the dosage of more than 0.1% can not only improve the flame retardancy of the material, but also affect the transparency of polycarbonate.
To meet the requirements of higher flame retardancy, a small amount of siloxane can usually be added. When the dosage of siloxane is 0.02%--0.3% of the total formulation, the flame retardant property of 1.6mm thick splines can reach UL-94V-0 level. Polymethylphenyl siloxane is the most common use, but some siloxane affects the transparency of polycarbonate on PPFBS. The price of PPFBS is high. In practical application, it often takes some KSS instead of PPFBS to reduce the cost. For example, adding 0.02% of PPFBS and 0.3% KSS in polycarbonate can make the material reach UL-94 V - 0 (1.6mm thick).
Among the sulfonate flame retardants used for polycarbonate, KSS is widely used, it does not contain halogen, and is environmentally friendly. The addition of 0.05%--0.1% can increase the oxygen index of polycarbonate from 27% to about 37%, and it does not affect the transparency of polycarbonate. The deficiency is used alone can not meet the requirements of flame retardant high, such as thin-walled parts (not less than 2.5mm thickness) of the flame retardant level UL-94V-0. In practical application, it is often used with polysiloxane. In addition, if a small amount of fluoropolymer is added at the same time, the flame retardancy of the material is better. During the use of KSS, it is easy to absorb moisture and make the material yellow.
Among many flame retardants used in polycarbonate, sulfonate system has the advantages of less addition and high efficiency, but it also has some defects. For example, when used alone, it can not meet the requirements of some special products, such as thin-walled parts. Adding some synergist, such as siloxane and fluoropolymer, can further improve its flame retardancy in polycarbonate.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
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