Plastic anti-smoking flame retardant

Plastic anti-smoking flame retardant

A polymer combustion produces a lot of smoke, and some of it is toxic. When flame retardants are added to the polymer, especially with halogens and antimony flame retardants, more smoke and toxic gases are produced.

Smoke is the synthesis of black smoke and white smoke produced during the combustion of the material.

In contemporary the technology of flame retardant, flame retardant and smoke suppression ", for some high polymer, "smoke suppression" is more important than the "flame", so it is very important to development of plastic smoke suppression flame retardants.

What kind of material is equipped with plastic anti-smoking flame retardant condition? When the material burns, the flame is diffused, and the convection of air will bring the carbonification that has been formed into the air, which is the root cause of the increase of smoke content.

If the generated carbonification is fixed on the surface of the burning material instead of floating in the air, it will greatly reduce the density of the material. The key to realize this vision is synthetic or seek a can melt between 700 ~ 1000 ℃, and the performance similar adhesive compound, will produce the surface of particles stick to the combustion of carbon.

When designing the formulation of plastic anti-flame retardant, it is important to choose low-smoke flame retardant, halogen/antimony flame retardant system and coated red phosphorus to increase the amount of smoke and the spread of toxic gases. Therefore, in the use of bromine-type flame retardant systems, it is best to add anti-smoking agents at the same time.

There are many materials that can be used to suppress smoke. In general, anti-smoking AIDS can be divided into two categories: inorganic and organic, and are most commonly used in inorganic anti-smoking AIDS. The commercial anti-smoking agent varieties are introduced below.

Inorganic anti-smoking auxiliaries (1) molybdenum compounds

This is a common smoke suppression agents, specific varieties with molybdenum trioxide, eight ammonium molybdate, phosphomolybdic acid calcium, such as the smoke suppression principle is in the process of combustion and PVC resin forming carbon residue, covered in polymer surface, to achieve the effect of flame retardant smoke suppression. Add molybdenum to smoke agent the general quantity is between 2%~ 3%, can reduce the smoke quantity of 30%~ 80%. For example, calcium phosphomolybdate, which is synthesized from molybdenum trioxide, phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide, was added to the PVC to reduce the maximum smoke density to 297, and the maximum smoke density of the non-combustible combustion was reduced to 351.

So far, it has been found that the best smoke suppression agent is molybdenum compound, so the development and application of molybdenum compounds has become a research hotspot in the field of flame retardant. America developed series including ammonium molybdate smoke suppression agent, can processing temperature above 200 ℃. At present, molybdenum compound as flame retardant is still in its infancy in China.



Trimethyl phosphate (TMP)

Trimethyl phosphate TMP raw material is three phosphorus oxychloride with methanol in the presence of potassium carbonate reaction of Trimethyl phosphate. At the same time, the reaction of two with methyl phosphoric acid potassium salt, sulfuric acid two methyl ester reaction of Trimethyl phosphate. Trimethyl phosphate crude product after washing, bleaching, dehydration, vacuum distillation was finished. The consumption of raw material: three phosphorus oxychloride 1094kg/t, methanol 686kg/t.

Trimethyl phosphate (TMP) use is mainly used in medicine, pesticides, solvents and extractants, used as a solvent, extraction, determination of zirconium and GC stationary liquid, the ester is used in medicine and pesticide solvent and extractant. Pesticide intermediates. In Japan, Trimethyl phosphate use as anti stain of textile oil and polymer, flame retardant additive for lithium ion battery.

Trimethyl phosphate is currently the main market in India, mostly for textile auxiliaries, the products are mainly exported to Japan, South Korea, Thailand, India.

As of Trimethyl phosphate use need to do not understand, please contact us!


(2) metal hydroxide

The main varieties are aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, and the specific anti-smoking principle is:

The alumina and magnesia formed in the heating process have a larger surface area and can absorb the smoke and dust.

To promote the formation of carbon in solid phase:

The absorption of heat can greatly reduce the temperature of the polymer and slow its thermal decomposition rate.

The heat of water turns into steam, which can dilute combustible gas, dilute the smoke, and act as flame retardant and smoke.

The halogenated hydrogen reaction (capture of hydrogen halide), which is released by thermal decomposition of halogen compounds, reduces the amount of hydrogen halide in the smoke.

Black smoke refers to the suspended solids and agglomerates of combustion gases. It is generally believed that there are three ways to reduce the concentration of black smoke. One is to use the cover effect, transfer effect, inhibit the free radical, accelerate the flame retardant principle of carbon, and change its combustion mode. The second is to fill the inorganic materials in large quantities, reduce the amount of smoke by reducing the amount of combustible material, but the amount of the use of the general assembly causes serious damage to the performance of the products. The third is to use synergistic effect to compound.

White smoke is mainly a small particle suspended in the air due to the water vapor condensate generated by the combustion of materials. Although water vapor is harmless to the human body, it can reduce the transmittance and increase the density of smoke. Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide have been used as a flame retardant due to absorption of combustion heat, but the water vapor generated is the main cause of white smoke. So how to strike a balance between flame retardant and smoke suppression is crucial.

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