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Halogen free flame retardant polyurethane
2017-11-26 22:16:48
Halogen free flame retardant polyurethane
Stricter flame retardant regulations require high efficient flame retardants with high thermal stability, low heat release rate, low smoke yield and low toxicity. Polyurethane halogen free flame retardants for hot research at home and abroad. Polyurethane halogen-free flame retardants have been marketed into two categories: phosphorus nitrogen mixed expansion and phosphorus nitrogen system expansion.
Flame retardant flame retardant cellulose fiber, the decomposition of phosphate at low temperature, with the increase of temperature to generate metaphosphate, then condensed into poly phosphoric acid, strong dehydration makes cellulose carbonation, inhibiting the formation of flammable cellulose lysate, so as to achieve the effect of flame retardant. Phosphorus compounds also prevent carbon from being oxidized to carbon dioxide, thereby reducing the heat release.
In rigid polyurethane foam, phosphorus polyurethane halogen free flame retardant can promote charring. It can also be flame retardant in the flame. But soft polyurethane foam can only form a small amount of carbon, which is not enough to insulate the insulation. In PET, phosphorus flame retardant can increase the combustion of PET after combustion of volatile fuel escape, may occur with PET acid catalysis softening, and thus contributed to the charring.
The activity of brominated flame retardants is based on thermal decomposition to produce free radicals. In the radical chain reaction of combustion process, bromine free radicals can play the role of scavenger. It is clear that the mechanism of this action may be the use of other free radical sources as synergist. The sources of these free radicals mainly include unstable carbon carbon, oxygen oxygen, and nitrogen nitrogen bonds.
Most phosphorus based flame retardants play a role of flame retardant in the solidification phase, including flame suppression, heat flux consumption, surface barrier with phosphoric acid formation, acid catalyzed carbon deposition, heat insulation of carbon layer, oxygen separation, etc..
In order to give full play to the charring effect of phosphorus flame retardant, an effective way is to combine with hydrogen compounds. Some compounds can enhance the flame retardant effect of phosphorus compounds on cellulose, because the reaction both compounds into compounds containing P-N bond, it has a stronger effect than the flame retardant phosphorus compounds, nitrogen phosphorus and nitrogen oxide can enhance phosphorus, and can release ammonia and other inert gas, oxygen plays a role.
Halogen free intumescent flame retardant is a development direction of flame retardants, which is used in the synthesis of flame retardant polymers such as fibers and plastics. Over the past 10 years, on the intumescent flame retardant (Intumescent Flame, Retapdant, IFR) research and development very much, the phosphorus nitrogen series, by flame retardant system of acid source, carbon source, carbon source synergy formation layer expansion, thereby cutting off the molten polymer and combustible gas, and help melting the polymer into carbon, reduce the amount of combustible gas, with the combustion of char layer is gradually formed, the expansion of carbon layer with good heat insulation function and strength.
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)
There Are Three Industrial Methods: Phosphorus Oxychloride And Chloroethanol Reaction; Phosphorus Trichloride And Chloroethanol Reaction Reoxidation; Phosphorus Oxychloride And Ethylene Oxide Reaction (Industrial Commonly Used Method).
1, Phosphorus Oxychloride And Ethylene Oxide To Sodium Metavanadate As A Catalyst, At 50 ° C Reaction, The Reaction By Neutralization, Washing, Vacuum Dehydration Off The Low Boiling, That Is, The Finished Product. Chlorohydrin Can Also Be Used As Raw Materials, And Phosphorus Oxychloride Or Phosphorus Trichloride Reaction To Produce Tris (2-Chloro Ethyl) Phosphate.
2, 326 Kg Of Phosphorus Oxychloride And 1.0 Kg Of Sodium Metavanadate Into The Reactor. The Nitrogen In The Autoclave Was Driven By Nitrogen, And 650 Kg Of Ethylene Oxide Was Introduced Under Vacuum And Stirred At 45 To 50 ° C For 2 To 3 Hours. Evaporation Of Excess Ethylene Oxide After Alkali Neutralization To Neutral, Washed, Vacuum Dehydrated. Finished Product.
3. Put Phosphorus Oxychloride And Sodium Metaphosphate Into The Reactor. Nitrogen To Drive The Air, In The Vacuum Under The Access To Ethylene Oxide, At 45 ~ 50 ℃ Stirring 2 ~ 3h. Evaporation Of Excess Ethylene Oxide After Alkali Neutralization To Neutral, Washed, Vacuum Dehydrated Finished.
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)Use:
1. Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate Has Excellent Flame Retardancy, Excellent Resistance To Low Temperature And UV Resistance, The Steam Can Only Be Used At 225 ℃ Above The Direct Ignition Can Be Fired, But The Fire The Source Is Immediately Self-Extinguishing. This Product Is A Flame Retardant Not Only Can Improve The Material Level Of Flame Retardant Materials, But Also Improve The Flame Resistance Of Water Resistance, Acid Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. Commonly Used In Flame Retardant Nitrocellulose And Acetate Fiber As The Substrate Of Paint Coatings, Unsaturated Polyester, Polyurethane, Acrylic, Phenolic Resin, Can Also Be Used For Soft PVC Plastic Flame Retardant. This Product Is Used For The Amount Of Unsaturated Polyester 10% To 20%, In The Polyurethane Rigid Foam (Flame Retardant Polyether As Raw Material) Can Be About 10% In The Soft PVC Used As Auxiliary Plastic Flame Retardant When The 5% To 10%. Flame Retardants, Uranium, Thorium, Plutonium, Technetium And Other Rare Metal Separation Solvent Or Extractant.
2. This Product Is Widely Used In Chemical Fiber Fabrics, Cellulose Acetate As A Flame Retardant, In Addition To Self-Extinguishing, But Also Improve Water Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. The General Amount Of 5 To 10 Copies. This Product Is An Excellent Flame Retardant For Synthetic Materials, And Has A Good Role In The Promotion, Widely Used In Cellulose Acetate, Nitrocellulose Varnish, Ethyl Cellulose, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane, Phenolic Resin , In Addition To Self-Extinguishing Products, But Also Improve The Physical Properties Of Products, Products Feel Soft, Also Known As Oil Additives And Rare Elements Of The Extractant, And Flame Retardant Rubber Conveyor Belt Is The Main Flame Retardant Materials , The General Amount Of Added 5% To 10%.
3. Used As Additive Type Halogenated Phosphate Flame Retardant And Plasticizer. Molecules In Both Phosphorus And Chlorine, Flame Retardant Effect Is Remarkable, Not Volatile And Hydrolysis, Good Stability To Ultraviolet Light. Applicable To Phenolic Resin, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane And So On. Also Used As Nitrocellulose Coating Flame Retardant, PVC Flame Retardant Plasticizer, Metal Extractant, Gasoline Additives And Polyimide Processing Aids And So On. Can Improve Water Resistance, Weatherability, Cold Resistance, Antistatic Property. Reference Dosage 5% To 20%.
Intumescent flame retardant (IFR) plays a major role through the solidification phase decomposition of flame retardant, delay or prevent the material in the solidification phase heat, reduce fuel and interrupt sources; the combustion of materials formed on the surface of porous carbon layer, to heat, oxygen, and can prevent the combustible gas into the gas phase flame retardant; thermal decomposition stop being endothermic, flame retardant material is not easy to reach the thermal decomposition temperature increased. Intumescent flame retardant is flame retardant according to this mechanism.
IFR consists of acid sources, carbon sources and gas sources, which form carbon layers through the following interactions. At low temperature (150 DEG C), can be used as a dehydrating agent containing acid phosphoric acid source, at a high temperature, esterification of acid and carbon source; in the system of nitrogen as esterification catalyst, accelerate the esterification reaction; water produced during the reaction of steam and gas generated by the source non flammable gas has a molten state foaming expansion system. At the same time, the carbon source and the ester are dehydrated and carbonized, and the system is further expanded and foamed. Finally, the system is solidified, forming a porous carbon foam layer.
In the TFR three component, acid source is the most important, it in the three component proportion is the largest, as the main component in the acid source, acid source is shown alone can be called flame retardant, and the carbon source and the gas known as synergistic agent, acid source flame retardant efficiency is not high, but with the addition of the synergistic agent and significantly improve.
Intumescent flame retardants can also act as a flame retardant in the gas phase, because the phosphorus nitrogen carbon system may produce nitric oxide and ammonia gas when heated, and they can terminate the chain reaction caused by free radicals.
Adding molecular sieve to intumescent flame retardant can improve flame retardant efficiency, reduce heat and inhibit the amount of smoke. Molecular sieves can make the structure of phosphorus carbon more stable. Moreover, the molecular sieve is beneficial to form the chain structure and interact with the polymer chain to enhance the flame retardancy of the material.
Intumescent flame retardant has many components and structures, but it must be matched with the flame retardant polymer, so as to give full play to its flame retardant effect.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
Stricter flame retardant regulations require high efficient flame retardants with high thermal stability, low heat release rate, low smoke yield and low toxicity. Polyurethane halogen free flame retardants for hot research at home and abroad. Polyurethane halogen-free flame retardants have been marketed into two categories: phosphorus nitrogen mixed expansion and phosphorus nitrogen system expansion.
Flame retardant flame retardant cellulose fiber, the decomposition of phosphate at low temperature, with the increase of temperature to generate metaphosphate, then condensed into poly phosphoric acid, strong dehydration makes cellulose carbonation, inhibiting the formation of flammable cellulose lysate, so as to achieve the effect of flame retardant. Phosphorus compounds also prevent carbon from being oxidized to carbon dioxide, thereby reducing the heat release.
In rigid polyurethane foam, phosphorus polyurethane halogen free flame retardant can promote charring. It can also be flame retardant in the flame. But soft polyurethane foam can only form a small amount of carbon, which is not enough to insulate the insulation. In PET, phosphorus flame retardant can increase the combustion of PET after combustion of volatile fuel escape, may occur with PET acid catalysis softening, and thus contributed to the charring.
The activity of brominated flame retardants is based on thermal decomposition to produce free radicals. In the radical chain reaction of combustion process, bromine free radicals can play the role of scavenger. It is clear that the mechanism of this action may be the use of other free radical sources as synergist. The sources of these free radicals mainly include unstable carbon carbon, oxygen oxygen, and nitrogen nitrogen bonds.
Most phosphorus based flame retardants play a role of flame retardant in the solidification phase, including flame suppression, heat flux consumption, surface barrier with phosphoric acid formation, acid catalyzed carbon deposition, heat insulation of carbon layer, oxygen separation, etc..
In order to give full play to the charring effect of phosphorus flame retardant, an effective way is to combine with hydrogen compounds. Some compounds can enhance the flame retardant effect of phosphorus compounds on cellulose, because the reaction both compounds into compounds containing P-N bond, it has a stronger effect than the flame retardant phosphorus compounds, nitrogen phosphorus and nitrogen oxide can enhance phosphorus, and can release ammonia and other inert gas, oxygen plays a role.
Halogen free intumescent flame retardant is a development direction of flame retardants, which is used in the synthesis of flame retardant polymers such as fibers and plastics. Over the past 10 years, on the intumescent flame retardant (Intumescent Flame, Retapdant, IFR) research and development very much, the phosphorus nitrogen series, by flame retardant system of acid source, carbon source, carbon source synergy formation layer expansion, thereby cutting off the molten polymer and combustible gas, and help melting the polymer into carbon, reduce the amount of combustible gas, with the combustion of char layer is gradually formed, the expansion of carbon layer with good heat insulation function and strength.
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)
There Are Three Industrial Methods: Phosphorus Oxychloride And Chloroethanol Reaction; Phosphorus Trichloride And Chloroethanol Reaction Reoxidation; Phosphorus Oxychloride And Ethylene Oxide Reaction (Industrial Commonly Used Method).
1, Phosphorus Oxychloride And Ethylene Oxide To Sodium Metavanadate As A Catalyst, At 50 ° C Reaction, The Reaction By Neutralization, Washing, Vacuum Dehydration Off The Low Boiling, That Is, The Finished Product. Chlorohydrin Can Also Be Used As Raw Materials, And Phosphorus Oxychloride Or Phosphorus Trichloride Reaction To Produce Tris (2-Chloro Ethyl) Phosphate.
2, 326 Kg Of Phosphorus Oxychloride And 1.0 Kg Of Sodium Metavanadate Into The Reactor. The Nitrogen In The Autoclave Was Driven By Nitrogen, And 650 Kg Of Ethylene Oxide Was Introduced Under Vacuum And Stirred At 45 To 50 ° C For 2 To 3 Hours. Evaporation Of Excess Ethylene Oxide After Alkali Neutralization To Neutral, Washed, Vacuum Dehydrated. Finished Product.
3. Put Phosphorus Oxychloride And Sodium Metaphosphate Into The Reactor. Nitrogen To Drive The Air, In The Vacuum Under The Access To Ethylene Oxide, At 45 ~ 50 ℃ Stirring 2 ~ 3h. Evaporation Of Excess Ethylene Oxide After Alkali Neutralization To Neutral, Washed, Vacuum Dehydrated Finished.
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)Use:
1. Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate Has Excellent Flame Retardancy, Excellent Resistance To Low Temperature And UV Resistance, The Steam Can Only Be Used At 225 ℃ Above The Direct Ignition Can Be Fired, But The Fire The Source Is Immediately Self-Extinguishing. This Product Is A Flame Retardant Not Only Can Improve The Material Level Of Flame Retardant Materials, But Also Improve The Flame Resistance Of Water Resistance, Acid Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. Commonly Used In Flame Retardant Nitrocellulose And Acetate Fiber As The Substrate Of Paint Coatings, Unsaturated Polyester, Polyurethane, Acrylic, Phenolic Resin, Can Also Be Used For Soft PVC Plastic Flame Retardant. This Product Is Used For The Amount Of Unsaturated Polyester 10% To 20%, In The Polyurethane Rigid Foam (Flame Retardant Polyether As Raw Material) Can Be About 10% In The Soft PVC Used As Auxiliary Plastic Flame Retardant When The 5% To 10%. Flame Retardants, Uranium, Thorium, Plutonium, Technetium And Other Rare Metal Separation Solvent Or Extractant.
2. This Product Is Widely Used In Chemical Fiber Fabrics, Cellulose Acetate As A Flame Retardant, In Addition To Self-Extinguishing, But Also Improve Water Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. The General Amount Of 5 To 10 Copies. This Product Is An Excellent Flame Retardant For Synthetic Materials, And Has A Good Role In The Promotion, Widely Used In Cellulose Acetate, Nitrocellulose Varnish, Ethyl Cellulose, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane, Phenolic Resin , In Addition To Self-Extinguishing Products, But Also Improve The Physical Properties Of Products, Products Feel Soft, Also Known As Oil Additives And Rare Elements Of The Extractant, And Flame Retardant Rubber Conveyor Belt Is The Main Flame Retardant Materials , The General Amount Of Added 5% To 10%.
3. Used As Additive Type Halogenated Phosphate Flame Retardant And Plasticizer. Molecules In Both Phosphorus And Chlorine, Flame Retardant Effect Is Remarkable, Not Volatile And Hydrolysis, Good Stability To Ultraviolet Light. Applicable To Phenolic Resin, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane And So On. Also Used As Nitrocellulose Coating Flame Retardant, PVC Flame Retardant Plasticizer, Metal Extractant, Gasoline Additives And Polyimide Processing Aids And So On. Can Improve Water Resistance, Weatherability, Cold Resistance, Antistatic Property. Reference Dosage 5% To 20%.
Intumescent flame retardant (IFR) plays a major role through the solidification phase decomposition of flame retardant, delay or prevent the material in the solidification phase heat, reduce fuel and interrupt sources; the combustion of materials formed on the surface of porous carbon layer, to heat, oxygen, and can prevent the combustible gas into the gas phase flame retardant; thermal decomposition stop being endothermic, flame retardant material is not easy to reach the thermal decomposition temperature increased. Intumescent flame retardant is flame retardant according to this mechanism.
IFR consists of acid sources, carbon sources and gas sources, which form carbon layers through the following interactions. At low temperature (150 DEG C), can be used as a dehydrating agent containing acid phosphoric acid source, at a high temperature, esterification of acid and carbon source; in the system of nitrogen as esterification catalyst, accelerate the esterification reaction; water produced during the reaction of steam and gas generated by the source non flammable gas has a molten state foaming expansion system. At the same time, the carbon source and the ester are dehydrated and carbonized, and the system is further expanded and foamed. Finally, the system is solidified, forming a porous carbon foam layer.
In the TFR three component, acid source is the most important, it in the three component proportion is the largest, as the main component in the acid source, acid source is shown alone can be called flame retardant, and the carbon source and the gas known as synergistic agent, acid source flame retardant efficiency is not high, but with the addition of the synergistic agent and significantly improve.
Intumescent flame retardants can also act as a flame retardant in the gas phase, because the phosphorus nitrogen carbon system may produce nitric oxide and ammonia gas when heated, and they can terminate the chain reaction caused by free radicals.
Adding molecular sieve to intumescent flame retardant can improve flame retardant efficiency, reduce heat and inhibit the amount of smoke. Molecular sieves can make the structure of phosphorus carbon more stable. Moreover, the molecular sieve is beneficial to form the chain structure and interact with the polymer chain to enhance the flame retardancy of the material.
Intumescent flame retardant has many components and structures, but it must be matched with the flame retardant polymer, so as to give full play to its flame retardant effect.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
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