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Flame retardant for polystyrene
2017-11-9 12:37:24
Flame retardant for polystyrene
Polystyrene is a kind of excellent mechanical properties, good electrical insulation general plastic, good chemical corrosion resistance, low price, easy processing, flame retardant is widely used in the field of electronic and electrical appliances, communication equipment, household appliances, automobiles, building materials such as polystyrene. The research and development of flame retardants for polystyrene become one of the hot spots.
Polystyrene does not produce smoke when burning, and no carbon residue is left after combustion, accompanied by droplet and delayed flow fire. The combustion of polystyrene can be divided into 3 processes: the decomposition of oxygen to produce combustible gas, combustible gas combustion, thermal feedback to maintain combustion continue. The combustion can be stopped automatically at any or several stages of the cycle. Therefore, the flame retardancy of polystyrene can be carried out in 3 ways. The first is a product of combustible gas decomposition of flame retardant polymer by burning or flame blocking, flame retardant is due to take effect in the gas phase, called gas phase flame retardant; the second is to prevent the release of organic polymer thermal decomposition of combustible gas with flame retardant, because of polymer condensation phase, said the condensed phase flame retardant; third is to prevent the heat of combustion flame retardant polymer using return heat feedback, called the interruption of heat exchange mechanism of flame retardant.
At present, polystyrene by adding flame retardant mainly through 2 ways, one is through mechanical mixing method will be added to the additive type flame retardant polystyrene, so as to achieve the purpose of flame retardant, which is currently the main methods for preparing flame retardant polystyrene; the other is the reactive flame retardant grafted to the main chain or the side chain of polystyrene, the modified polystyrene is flame retardant. Such as the use of in situ reactive compatibilization method of non halogen flame retardant reactive monomer into the polystyrene backbone, as reactive monomer to the coupling agent, can significantly improve the compatibility between the flame retardant and polystyrene. Different reaction monomers have different compatibilization effects, and the dual monomer system has better compatibility than the single system.
Research progress of flame retardant for polystyrene: flame retardant of hydrated metal compound. This kind of flame retardant is mainly Al (OH) 3 and Mg (OH) 2, the utility model has the advantages of innocuity, good thermal stability, smoke suppression, heat will produce a large amount of water, to absorb a large amount of heat generated by the water vapor concentration, can dilute combustible gas and air. In the process, the metal oxide is also formed and a solid protective layer is formed to prevent the combustion reaction from continuing.
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(TCPP)
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(Flame retardant TCPP) is a colorless or yellowish oily liquid. It is soluble in benzene, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride and other organic solvents, but insoluble in water and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Its relative density is 1.27-1.31, refractive index is 1.4916 ( 21.5 ), viscosity is 58mm2 / S, chlorine content is 32.8%, and phosphorus content is 9.5%. As the molecule contains phosphorus and chlorine element simultaneously, its flame retardant properties is significant, as well as the plasticization, damp-proof, antistatic effects and so on. Tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) is an additive flame retardant.
The product is used for the soft / hard polyurethane foam, with thermal and hydrolytic stability good, especially suitable for ASTME84 (Level 11) foam, with low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin in low temperature application and phenolic plastics at. This product is also used to grab the foam sealant and sheet production. For polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, phenolic resin, acrylic resin and rubber, coating, flame retardant, also used for soft and hard polyurethane foam, epoxy resin, polystyrene, cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose tree and phenolic plastics, polyvinyl acetate and gun type foam sealant production. Particularly recommended for rigid polyurethane foam has excellent thermal and hydrolytic stability is particularly suitable for ASTM84 (II), compound for polyurethane foam and unsaturated resin and phenolic plastics.
The disadvantage of this kind of flame retardant is added, and the lack of large polystyrene affinity, dispersibility and compatibility are poor, will reduce the mechanical properties of polystyrene, the general use of surface modification and refinement methods to enhance the interfacial binding with polystyrene. The coupling agent on Al (OH) 3 surface treatment, which can improve the interface with polystyrene; the granulation technology improved, to the development of ultra fine direction, the size distribution narrowed; the molecular bonding of Al (OH) 3 was modified to reduce product surface tension the improvement of mechanical properties of polystyrene filled.
Zhu Lei et al. Studied the effects of different surfactant modified Mg (OH) 2 on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polystyrene. The results show that the modified Mg silane coupling agent (OH) 2 can improve the mechanical properties of polystyrene better, significantly improve the flame retardant properties of polystyrene, the dosage is 65%, the oxygen index of the composite reached 32.4%, vertical combustion can reach UL-94V-0.
The surface treatment of Mg (OH) 2 with stearic acid and silane coupling agent was carried out by Liu Jichun et al. The effect of surface treatment method of Mg (OH) 2 on the flow rate and flame retardancy of polystyrene melt was investigated. The results show that the surface treatment of Mg (OH) 2 can significantly improve the processability of polystyrene, but has no obvious influence on the flame retardancy of polystyrene. Under the same conditions, the silane coupling agent has better effect than stearic acid, and the acidification hydrolysis condition has no effect on the modification effect of silane coupling agent.
Chen Xiaolang et al. Studied the flame retardancy and crystallization behavior of Mg (OH) 2 filled polystyrene composites modified with silane coupling agent. The results show that silane coupling agent coated on the surface of Mg (OH) 2 powder can effectively reduce the surface energy of the powder and improve its dispersion in dry state. The unmodified Mg (OH) 2 has heterogeneous nucleation effect on polystyrene, which increases the crystallization peak temperature, while the silane coupling agent weakens the heterogeneous nucleation of Mg (OH) 2. The dispersion of Mg (OH) 2 in polystyrene matrix plays an important role in the crystal morphology and grain size of polystyrene spherulites. The modified Mg (OH) 2 can further improve the oxygen index of polystyrene.
Chen Xiaolang also studied the titanate and silane coupling agent on polystyrene / nano Mg (OH) 2 composites. The results show that the selected coupling agent can effectively reduce the apparent viscosity of the composites and improve the flowability of the composites.
The unmodified nano Mg (OH) 2 has heterogeneous nucleation effect on the polystyrene matrix, while the surface modifier can weaken the heterogeneous nucleation effect of the filler. The modified nano Mg (OH) 2 to form independent uniformly dispersed in polystyrene matrix, interfacial adhesion has been strengthened, the tensile strength and impact strength of the composites have greatly improved flame retardant performance is also improved.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
Polystyrene is a kind of excellent mechanical properties, good electrical insulation general plastic, good chemical corrosion resistance, low price, easy processing, flame retardant is widely used in the field of electronic and electrical appliances, communication equipment, household appliances, automobiles, building materials such as polystyrene. The research and development of flame retardants for polystyrene become one of the hot spots.
Polystyrene does not produce smoke when burning, and no carbon residue is left after combustion, accompanied by droplet and delayed flow fire. The combustion of polystyrene can be divided into 3 processes: the decomposition of oxygen to produce combustible gas, combustible gas combustion, thermal feedback to maintain combustion continue. The combustion can be stopped automatically at any or several stages of the cycle. Therefore, the flame retardancy of polystyrene can be carried out in 3 ways. The first is a product of combustible gas decomposition of flame retardant polymer by burning or flame blocking, flame retardant is due to take effect in the gas phase, called gas phase flame retardant; the second is to prevent the release of organic polymer thermal decomposition of combustible gas with flame retardant, because of polymer condensation phase, said the condensed phase flame retardant; third is to prevent the heat of combustion flame retardant polymer using return heat feedback, called the interruption of heat exchange mechanism of flame retardant.
At present, polystyrene by adding flame retardant mainly through 2 ways, one is through mechanical mixing method will be added to the additive type flame retardant polystyrene, so as to achieve the purpose of flame retardant, which is currently the main methods for preparing flame retardant polystyrene; the other is the reactive flame retardant grafted to the main chain or the side chain of polystyrene, the modified polystyrene is flame retardant. Such as the use of in situ reactive compatibilization method of non halogen flame retardant reactive monomer into the polystyrene backbone, as reactive monomer to the coupling agent, can significantly improve the compatibility between the flame retardant and polystyrene. Different reaction monomers have different compatibilization effects, and the dual monomer system has better compatibility than the single system.
Research progress of flame retardant for polystyrene: flame retardant of hydrated metal compound. This kind of flame retardant is mainly Al (OH) 3 and Mg (OH) 2, the utility model has the advantages of innocuity, good thermal stability, smoke suppression, heat will produce a large amount of water, to absorb a large amount of heat generated by the water vapor concentration, can dilute combustible gas and air. In the process, the metal oxide is also formed and a solid protective layer is formed to prevent the combustion reaction from continuing.
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(TCPP)
Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)Phosphate(Flame retardant TCPP) is a colorless or yellowish oily liquid. It is soluble in benzene, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride and other organic solvents, but insoluble in water and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Its relative density is 1.27-1.31, refractive index is 1.4916 ( 21.5 ), viscosity is 58mm2 / S, chlorine content is 32.8%, and phosphorus content is 9.5%. As the molecule contains phosphorus and chlorine element simultaneously, its flame retardant properties is significant, as well as the plasticization, damp-proof, antistatic effects and so on. Tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) is an additive flame retardant.
The product is used for the soft / hard polyurethane foam, with thermal and hydrolytic stability good, especially suitable for ASTME84 (Level 11) foam, with low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin in low temperature application and phenolic plastics at. This product is also used to grab the foam sealant and sheet production. For polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, phenolic resin, acrylic resin and rubber, coating, flame retardant, also used for soft and hard polyurethane foam, epoxy resin, polystyrene, cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose tree and phenolic plastics, polyvinyl acetate and gun type foam sealant production. Particularly recommended for rigid polyurethane foam has excellent thermal and hydrolytic stability is particularly suitable for ASTM84 (II), compound for polyurethane foam and unsaturated resin and phenolic plastics.
The disadvantage of this kind of flame retardant is added, and the lack of large polystyrene affinity, dispersibility and compatibility are poor, will reduce the mechanical properties of polystyrene, the general use of surface modification and refinement methods to enhance the interfacial binding with polystyrene. The coupling agent on Al (OH) 3 surface treatment, which can improve the interface with polystyrene; the granulation technology improved, to the development of ultra fine direction, the size distribution narrowed; the molecular bonding of Al (OH) 3 was modified to reduce product surface tension the improvement of mechanical properties of polystyrene filled.
Zhu Lei et al. Studied the effects of different surfactant modified Mg (OH) 2 on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polystyrene. The results show that the modified Mg silane coupling agent (OH) 2 can improve the mechanical properties of polystyrene better, significantly improve the flame retardant properties of polystyrene, the dosage is 65%, the oxygen index of the composite reached 32.4%, vertical combustion can reach UL-94V-0.
The surface treatment of Mg (OH) 2 with stearic acid and silane coupling agent was carried out by Liu Jichun et al. The effect of surface treatment method of Mg (OH) 2 on the flow rate and flame retardancy of polystyrene melt was investigated. The results show that the surface treatment of Mg (OH) 2 can significantly improve the processability of polystyrene, but has no obvious influence on the flame retardancy of polystyrene. Under the same conditions, the silane coupling agent has better effect than stearic acid, and the acidification hydrolysis condition has no effect on the modification effect of silane coupling agent.
Chen Xiaolang et al. Studied the flame retardancy and crystallization behavior of Mg (OH) 2 filled polystyrene composites modified with silane coupling agent. The results show that silane coupling agent coated on the surface of Mg (OH) 2 powder can effectively reduce the surface energy of the powder and improve its dispersion in dry state. The unmodified Mg (OH) 2 has heterogeneous nucleation effect on polystyrene, which increases the crystallization peak temperature, while the silane coupling agent weakens the heterogeneous nucleation of Mg (OH) 2. The dispersion of Mg (OH) 2 in polystyrene matrix plays an important role in the crystal morphology and grain size of polystyrene spherulites. The modified Mg (OH) 2 can further improve the oxygen index of polystyrene.
Chen Xiaolang also studied the titanate and silane coupling agent on polystyrene / nano Mg (OH) 2 composites. The results show that the selected coupling agent can effectively reduce the apparent viscosity of the composites and improve the flowability of the composites.
The unmodified nano Mg (OH) 2 has heterogeneous nucleation effect on the polystyrene matrix, while the surface modifier can weaken the heterogeneous nucleation effect of the filler. The modified nano Mg (OH) 2 to form independent uniformly dispersed in polystyrene matrix, interfacial adhesion has been strengthened, the tensile strength and impact strength of the composites have greatly improved flame retardant performance is also improved.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
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