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Flame retardant for polyethylene (PE)
2017-11-12 14:59:36
Flame retardant for polyethylene (PE)
PE (polyethylene) is a thermoplastic resin made by polymerization of ethylene. In industry, it also includes copolymers of ethylene with a small amount of alpha olefins. Polyethylene is odorless, non-toxic, feels waxy, has excellent low-temperature resistance (minimum use temperature up to -100~-70 degrees C), good chemical stability, resistance to most acid and alkali erosion (not oxidation resistant acid). It is insoluble in general solvent at room temperature, has little water absorption and good electrical insulation property.
Polyethylene is a widely used and large amount of thermoplastic plastics, and its products have a wide range of uses, not only can make a variety of daily necessities, but also can make cold storage parts, electrical components, pipes, films and other industrial products.
Most polymers such as polyethylene are easy to burn, burning not only emit flame, but also emit toxic gas and soot, which has been limited for a long time in the construction, automobile, ship, electrical industry and other aspects of the application. In 70s, the main plastics producing countries, such as the United States, West Germany and other countries have strict regulations, requiring plastic products in many occasions must be self extinguishing, otherwise prohibited use.
In order to expand the application of plastic products, people use additives that can retard the combustion of plastics (called flame retardants) added to plastics. In the United States, the yield of flame retardants ranks second in the yield of auxiliaries, second only to plasticizers. Polyethylene burning high heat, if not flame retardant, many occasions can not use, such as wire, cable, coal transport and so on, so the study of polyethylene (PE) flame retardant has very important significance.
The mechanism of flame retardant for polyethylene (PE) is quite complex. In general, polyethylene (PE) has 4 classes of flame retardants:
(1) combined with the decomposition products of plastic to produce a flame smothering gas. For example, antimony oxide (Sb2O3) reacts with HCl released from PVC to form three chlorine antimony oxide gas to isolate oxygen and achieve the effect of flameout. This mechanism is called halogen antimony combination.
(2) by reducing the heat generated by the combustion of plastics, the combustion speed is slowed down by lowering the temperature. Such as Al (OH) 3 (hydrated alumina) polyethylene (PE) with flame retardant, each decomposition of 1mol, it is necessary to absorb the heat of 150.48kJ, thereby slowing down its burning speed, in order to achieve the purpose of flame retardant.
(3) provide a coating that is isolated from oxygen. Such as phosphate, in the combustion of the formation of partial phosphoric acid, and synthesis of multi polymerization layer, isolation of oxygen, to achieve flame retardant effect.
(4) free radicals that can prevent combustion reactions and produce poor combustion products with plastics. When the plastic burns, the free radical HO# reacts with the hydrocarbon chain to form a new hydroxyl radical, HO#, which goes down and continues combustion. If the combustion has HCl release link, can neutralize hydroxyl radical HO#, and the termination of combustion. The mechanism of halogen containing organic compounds flame retardant.
Tris (1,3-Dichloro-2-Propyl) Phosphate (Flame Retardant TDCPP) Use:
The Product Has A High Efficiency Flame Retardant, Low Volatility, High Thermal Stability, Water Resistance, Alkali Stable And Soluble In Most Organic Substances, Processing Performance, With Plastic, Moisture, Anti-Static, Anti-Pull, Anti-Compression Performance. Widely Used In Unsaturated Polyester, Polyurethane Foam, Epoxy Resin, Phenolic Resin, Rubber, Soft Polyvinyl Chloride, Synthetic Fibers And Other Plastics And Coatings At High Temperature Pyrolysis, Can Be Used As Emulsifier And Explosion-Proof Agent.
In order to achieve the flame retardant effect, the requirements for the flame retardant of polyethylene (PE) with industrial practical value are as follows: (1) the performance of the polymer is not reduced, such as strength, heat resistance, etc.. It has good compatibility with resin and easy to be dispersed evenly; (2) the decomposition temperature should not be too high, and it will not decompose at the processing temperature; (3) good durability, long term decomposition and no escaping; (4) wide source and low price.
Because of its low oxygen index, high flammability and high combustion heat, polyethylene is used in wires, cables, coal mines and other fields, so its flame retardant performance requirements are higher and higher, such as halogen free, low smoke, low toxicity and so on.
Generally, flame retardants are classified into two categories: inorganic flame retardants and organic flame retardants. The halogen containing organic flame retardants used in the past have large amount of smoke and emit poisonous gas when burning, which brings difficulty to fire control. If inorganic flame retardant aluminum hydroxide is used, although non-toxic, low smoke, but the amount of added to more than 60%, and the processing of polyethylene, mechanical properties are worse. Therefore, the current research direction is to obtain inorganic flame retardant system with low filler content, good flame retardant effect, halogen-free, low smoke and low toxicity.
There is almost no flame retardant effect of antimony oxide alone, and the amount of single halide is very large, so it is often used in combination with the two, which constitutes a particularly effective flame retardant system. The most suitable ratio of this system is 1mol antimony plus 3mol halides. The most widely used halides are organic compounds containing bromine and chlorine, in which bromides are better, but chlorides are cheap and stable in performance, so they are more widely used.
The literature shows that: (1) halogen containing flame retardant has a good synergistic effect with Sb2O3. Aluminum hydroxide, as a non-toxic, cheap and cheap flame retardant, has the function of flame retardant and reducing the temperature of the system. The ternary composite flame retardant system FR (3B) - ethoxy double three / three / two) of antimony oxide aluminum hydroxide flame retardant, HD can be used for polyethylene plastic, and has good flame retardant effect; (2) C polymer is a kind of chlorinated polyethylene, have good compatibility with HD polyethylene. Therefore, C polyethylene and the above-mentioned three element flame retardant system can reduce the amount of FR, 3B and Sb2O3 to reduce the cost. That is, C polyethylene can also be used as a HD polyethylene flame retardant to meet the general requirements.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
PE (polyethylene) is a thermoplastic resin made by polymerization of ethylene. In industry, it also includes copolymers of ethylene with a small amount of alpha olefins. Polyethylene is odorless, non-toxic, feels waxy, has excellent low-temperature resistance (minimum use temperature up to -100~-70 degrees C), good chemical stability, resistance to most acid and alkali erosion (not oxidation resistant acid). It is insoluble in general solvent at room temperature, has little water absorption and good electrical insulation property.
Polyethylene is a widely used and large amount of thermoplastic plastics, and its products have a wide range of uses, not only can make a variety of daily necessities, but also can make cold storage parts, electrical components, pipes, films and other industrial products.
Most polymers such as polyethylene are easy to burn, burning not only emit flame, but also emit toxic gas and soot, which has been limited for a long time in the construction, automobile, ship, electrical industry and other aspects of the application. In 70s, the main plastics producing countries, such as the United States, West Germany and other countries have strict regulations, requiring plastic products in many occasions must be self extinguishing, otherwise prohibited use.
In order to expand the application of plastic products, people use additives that can retard the combustion of plastics (called flame retardants) added to plastics. In the United States, the yield of flame retardants ranks second in the yield of auxiliaries, second only to plasticizers. Polyethylene burning high heat, if not flame retardant, many occasions can not use, such as wire, cable, coal transport and so on, so the study of polyethylene (PE) flame retardant has very important significance.
The mechanism of flame retardant for polyethylene (PE) is quite complex. In general, polyethylene (PE) has 4 classes of flame retardants:
(1) combined with the decomposition products of plastic to produce a flame smothering gas. For example, antimony oxide (Sb2O3) reacts with HCl released from PVC to form three chlorine antimony oxide gas to isolate oxygen and achieve the effect of flameout. This mechanism is called halogen antimony combination.
(2) by reducing the heat generated by the combustion of plastics, the combustion speed is slowed down by lowering the temperature. Such as Al (OH) 3 (hydrated alumina) polyethylene (PE) with flame retardant, each decomposition of 1mol, it is necessary to absorb the heat of 150.48kJ, thereby slowing down its burning speed, in order to achieve the purpose of flame retardant.
(3) provide a coating that is isolated from oxygen. Such as phosphate, in the combustion of the formation of partial phosphoric acid, and synthesis of multi polymerization layer, isolation of oxygen, to achieve flame retardant effect.
(4) free radicals that can prevent combustion reactions and produce poor combustion products with plastics. When the plastic burns, the free radical HO# reacts with the hydrocarbon chain to form a new hydroxyl radical, HO#, which goes down and continues combustion. If the combustion has HCl release link, can neutralize hydroxyl radical HO#, and the termination of combustion. The mechanism of halogen containing organic compounds flame retardant.
Tris (1,3-Dichloro-2-Propyl) Phosphate (Flame Retardant TDCPP) Use:
The Product Has A High Efficiency Flame Retardant, Low Volatility, High Thermal Stability, Water Resistance, Alkali Stable And Soluble In Most Organic Substances, Processing Performance, With Plastic, Moisture, Anti-Static, Anti-Pull, Anti-Compression Performance. Widely Used In Unsaturated Polyester, Polyurethane Foam, Epoxy Resin, Phenolic Resin, Rubber, Soft Polyvinyl Chloride, Synthetic Fibers And Other Plastics And Coatings At High Temperature Pyrolysis, Can Be Used As Emulsifier And Explosion-Proof Agent.
In order to achieve the flame retardant effect, the requirements for the flame retardant of polyethylene (PE) with industrial practical value are as follows: (1) the performance of the polymer is not reduced, such as strength, heat resistance, etc.. It has good compatibility with resin and easy to be dispersed evenly; (2) the decomposition temperature should not be too high, and it will not decompose at the processing temperature; (3) good durability, long term decomposition and no escaping; (4) wide source and low price.
Because of its low oxygen index, high flammability and high combustion heat, polyethylene is used in wires, cables, coal mines and other fields, so its flame retardant performance requirements are higher and higher, such as halogen free, low smoke, low toxicity and so on.
Generally, flame retardants are classified into two categories: inorganic flame retardants and organic flame retardants. The halogen containing organic flame retardants used in the past have large amount of smoke and emit poisonous gas when burning, which brings difficulty to fire control. If inorganic flame retardant aluminum hydroxide is used, although non-toxic, low smoke, but the amount of added to more than 60%, and the processing of polyethylene, mechanical properties are worse. Therefore, the current research direction is to obtain inorganic flame retardant system with low filler content, good flame retardant effect, halogen-free, low smoke and low toxicity.
There is almost no flame retardant effect of antimony oxide alone, and the amount of single halide is very large, so it is often used in combination with the two, which constitutes a particularly effective flame retardant system. The most suitable ratio of this system is 1mol antimony plus 3mol halides. The most widely used halides are organic compounds containing bromine and chlorine, in which bromides are better, but chlorides are cheap and stable in performance, so they are more widely used.
The literature shows that: (1) halogen containing flame retardant has a good synergistic effect with Sb2O3. Aluminum hydroxide, as a non-toxic, cheap and cheap flame retardant, has the function of flame retardant and reducing the temperature of the system. The ternary composite flame retardant system FR (3B) - ethoxy double three / three / two) of antimony oxide aluminum hydroxide flame retardant, HD can be used for polyethylene plastic, and has good flame retardant effect; (2) C polymer is a kind of chlorinated polyethylene, have good compatibility with HD polyethylene. Therefore, C polyethylene and the above-mentioned three element flame retardant system can reduce the amount of FR, 3B and Sb2O3 to reduce the cost. That is, C polyethylene can also be used as a HD polyethylene flame retardant to meet the general requirements.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
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