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Flame retardant additives for PVC plastics
2017-11-20 11:39:25
Flame retardant additives for PVC plastics
Most plastics are flammable. With the wide application of plastics in architecture, furniture, transportation, aviation, aerospace and electrical equipment, the study of PVC flame retardant additives has become an urgent issue.
PVC flame retardant additive is a kind of plastic additives inhibiting combustion, most of them are compounds in the periodic table of elements V, VII and III elements; especially compounds of phosphorus, bromine, chlorine, antimony and aluminum.
Flame retardants are divided into two types: additive type and reactive type. Additive flame retardants are mainly phosphate ester and halogen containing phosphate ester, halogenated hydrocarbon, antimony oxide, aluminum hydroxide, etc.. The advantage is that it is easy to use and adaptable. However, the addition of 10% ~ 30% often affects the properties of plastics.
Reactive flame retardants are actually monomers containing flame retardant elements, so they have little effect on the properties of plastics. Common reactive flame retardants, such as halogenated anhydrides for polyesters, four brominated bisphenol A for epoxy resins, and phosphorus containing polyols for polyurethanes, etc.. Flame retardants were first used in the United States. After 1960s, the consumption increased sharply, and the dosage was second only to plasticizers. The most popular kinds of flame retardants are polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyurethane foam, unsaturated polyester, ABS resin and polypropylene.
Most of the plastic products are flammable, which brings a lot of hidden dangers to the safety of their products.
The flame retardant additives of PVC plastics are more suitable as flame retardants, because "flame retardant" contains two meanings of flame retardance and smoke suppression, and the concept of flame retardant is more extensive. However, for a long time, people have been accustomed to use the concept of flame retardant, so the PVC flame retardant additives mentioned in this paper are actually the floorboard of flame retardant and smoke suppressant functional auxiliaries.
The additive flame retardant is added to the polymer by mechanical mixing method, which makes the polymer flame retardant. At present, the additive flame retardants mainly include organic flame retardant and inorganic flame retardant, halogenated flame retardant (organic chloride and organic bromide) and non halogen. Is the organic bromine, phosphorus and nitrogen, nitrogen and phosphorus and its compounds represented some inorganic flame retardant, mainly three oxidation two antimony, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon flame retardant system etc..
The reactive flame retardant is polymerized as a monomer, so the polymer itself contains flame retardant components. Its advantage is that it has little influence on the performance of the polymer material, and the flame retardant property is durable.
Flame Retardants: organic and inorganic, halogen and non halogen.Organic flame retardant with bromine, nitrogen and phosphorus and its compounds represented some flame retardants.
Triphenyl Phosphate (TPP)
Flame retardant tpp This product has good transparency , flexibility and good benefits antimicrobial resistance, with water, oil, electrical insulation and compatibility. Mainly for the cellulose resin, a vinyl resin, natural rubber and synthetic rubber flame retardant plasticizers may also be used for acetate and glycerol triacetate film thin , rigid polyurethane foam , phenolic resin, and engineering plastics such as resistance PPO burning plasticized . Flame Retardant tpp manufacturer price mainly in Jiangsu .
Flame retardant TPP has many advantages, such as excellent transparency, softness, bacterial resistance, and water proof, grease-proof, good electric insulation, as well as good compatibility. Flame retardant TPP is mainly used as the flame-retardant plasticizer for cellulose resin, vinyl resin, natural rubber and synthetic rubber. And it may also be used as the flame-retardant plasticizer for glyceryl triacetate thin ester and film, rigid polyurethane foam, phenolic aldehyde resin, and PPO, etc.
Flame retardant TPP is a kind of halogen-free environment-friendly flame retardant with phosphorus element. Most of the products in the market are self-colored flaky crystal, our product is self-colored crystalline powder, and is more soluble in organic solvents. TPP is not soluble in water, but soluble in benzene, chloroform, ether and acetone, and slightly soluble in Z alcohol. Flame retardant TPP is nonflammable with slight aromatic odor and slight deliquescence. The fusion point is about 50 ℃, and fast melts to hoop-shape when heated. The lubricate effect is excellent, and it is often used as the flame retardant plasticize lubricant. What is more, it is used as the flame retardant for many plastics and resins, such as phenolic aldehyde resin, epoxy resin and so on.
Inorganic is mainly three oxidation of two antimony, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon and other flame retardant system. The flame retardant is through a number of mechanisms to play its flame retardant effect, such as endothermic effect, covering effect, inhibiting chain reaction, suffocation of non flammable gas. Most of the flame retardants are flame retardant by several mechanisms.
Any burning out in a relatively short period of time the heat is limited, if can absorb part of the heat released by the fire in a relatively short period of time, then the flame temperature will reduce the radiation to the molecular surface and combustible pyrolysis and combustion will have effect on gasification into free radicals will reduce the heat, combustion reaction will be suppressed to a certain extent. Under high temperature conditions, the flame retardant has a strong endothermic reaction, absorbs part of the heat released by combustion, reduces the surface temperature of the fuel, effectively inhibits the formation of combustible gas, and prevents the spread of combustion.
The flame retardant mechanism of Al (OH) 3 flame retardant is to increase the heat capacity of the polymer, so that it can absorb more heat before the thermal decomposition temperature, thereby improving its flame retardant performance. This kind of flame retardant can give full play to its large amount of heat absorption characteristics when combined with water vapor, and improve its own flame retardant ability.
After adding flame retardants to combustible materials, the flame retardant can form glass or stable foam covering layer at high temperature to isolate oxygen, and has the function of heat insulation, oxygen separation and preventing combustible gas escaping out, so as to achieve the purpose of flame retardant. For example, when the organic phosphorus flame retardant is heated, the cross-linked solid material or the carbonized layer can be more stable. On the one hand, the formation of the carbonized layer can prevent the further pyrolysis of the polymer, on the other hand, it can prevent the thermal decomposition of the polymer and enter the gas phase to participate in the combustion process.
According to the burning chain reaction theory, the free radical is needed to maintain combustion. The flame retardant can act on the gas combustion zone, capture the radicals in the combustion reaction, and thus prevent the flame propagation, reduce the flame density in the combustion zone, and eventually reduce the combustion reaction rate until the termination.
Such as halogen flame retardant, its evaporation temperature and polymer decomposition temperature is the same or similar, when the polymer is heated decomposition, flame retardants are also volatile. At the same time, halogen containing flame retardant and thermal decomposition products are in the gas phase combustion zone simultaneously, and halogen can capture the free radicals in combustion reaction, and interfere with the combustion chain reaction.
When the flame retardant is heated, the non combustible gas is decomposed, and the combustible gas decomposed from the combustible substance is diluted below the burning limit. At the same time, the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone has a dilution effect, which prevents the combustion from continuing and achieves the flame retardant effect.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
Most plastics are flammable. With the wide application of plastics in architecture, furniture, transportation, aviation, aerospace and electrical equipment, the study of PVC flame retardant additives has become an urgent issue.
PVC flame retardant additive is a kind of plastic additives inhibiting combustion, most of them are compounds in the periodic table of elements V, VII and III elements; especially compounds of phosphorus, bromine, chlorine, antimony and aluminum.
Flame retardants are divided into two types: additive type and reactive type. Additive flame retardants are mainly phosphate ester and halogen containing phosphate ester, halogenated hydrocarbon, antimony oxide, aluminum hydroxide, etc.. The advantage is that it is easy to use and adaptable. However, the addition of 10% ~ 30% often affects the properties of plastics.
Reactive flame retardants are actually monomers containing flame retardant elements, so they have little effect on the properties of plastics. Common reactive flame retardants, such as halogenated anhydrides for polyesters, four brominated bisphenol A for epoxy resins, and phosphorus containing polyols for polyurethanes, etc.. Flame retardants were first used in the United States. After 1960s, the consumption increased sharply, and the dosage was second only to plasticizers. The most popular kinds of flame retardants are polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyurethane foam, unsaturated polyester, ABS resin and polypropylene.
Most of the plastic products are flammable, which brings a lot of hidden dangers to the safety of their products.
The flame retardant additives of PVC plastics are more suitable as flame retardants, because "flame retardant" contains two meanings of flame retardance and smoke suppression, and the concept of flame retardant is more extensive. However, for a long time, people have been accustomed to use the concept of flame retardant, so the PVC flame retardant additives mentioned in this paper are actually the floorboard of flame retardant and smoke suppressant functional auxiliaries.
The additive flame retardant is added to the polymer by mechanical mixing method, which makes the polymer flame retardant. At present, the additive flame retardants mainly include organic flame retardant and inorganic flame retardant, halogenated flame retardant (organic chloride and organic bromide) and non halogen. Is the organic bromine, phosphorus and nitrogen, nitrogen and phosphorus and its compounds represented some inorganic flame retardant, mainly three oxidation two antimony, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon flame retardant system etc..
The reactive flame retardant is polymerized as a monomer, so the polymer itself contains flame retardant components. Its advantage is that it has little influence on the performance of the polymer material, and the flame retardant property is durable.
Flame Retardants: organic and inorganic, halogen and non halogen.Organic flame retardant with bromine, nitrogen and phosphorus and its compounds represented some flame retardants.
Triphenyl Phosphate (TPP)
Flame retardant tpp This product has good transparency , flexibility and good benefits antimicrobial resistance, with water, oil, electrical insulation and compatibility. Mainly for the cellulose resin, a vinyl resin, natural rubber and synthetic rubber flame retardant plasticizers may also be used for acetate and glycerol triacetate film thin , rigid polyurethane foam , phenolic resin, and engineering plastics such as resistance PPO burning plasticized . Flame Retardant tpp manufacturer price mainly in Jiangsu .
Flame retardant TPP has many advantages, such as excellent transparency, softness, bacterial resistance, and water proof, grease-proof, good electric insulation, as well as good compatibility. Flame retardant TPP is mainly used as the flame-retardant plasticizer for cellulose resin, vinyl resin, natural rubber and synthetic rubber. And it may also be used as the flame-retardant plasticizer for glyceryl triacetate thin ester and film, rigid polyurethane foam, phenolic aldehyde resin, and PPO, etc.
Flame retardant TPP is a kind of halogen-free environment-friendly flame retardant with phosphorus element. Most of the products in the market are self-colored flaky crystal, our product is self-colored crystalline powder, and is more soluble in organic solvents. TPP is not soluble in water, but soluble in benzene, chloroform, ether and acetone, and slightly soluble in Z alcohol. Flame retardant TPP is nonflammable with slight aromatic odor and slight deliquescence. The fusion point is about 50 ℃, and fast melts to hoop-shape when heated. The lubricate effect is excellent, and it is often used as the flame retardant plasticize lubricant. What is more, it is used as the flame retardant for many plastics and resins, such as phenolic aldehyde resin, epoxy resin and so on.
Inorganic is mainly three oxidation of two antimony, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon and other flame retardant system. The flame retardant is through a number of mechanisms to play its flame retardant effect, such as endothermic effect, covering effect, inhibiting chain reaction, suffocation of non flammable gas. Most of the flame retardants are flame retardant by several mechanisms.
Any burning out in a relatively short period of time the heat is limited, if can absorb part of the heat released by the fire in a relatively short period of time, then the flame temperature will reduce the radiation to the molecular surface and combustible pyrolysis and combustion will have effect on gasification into free radicals will reduce the heat, combustion reaction will be suppressed to a certain extent. Under high temperature conditions, the flame retardant has a strong endothermic reaction, absorbs part of the heat released by combustion, reduces the surface temperature of the fuel, effectively inhibits the formation of combustible gas, and prevents the spread of combustion.
The flame retardant mechanism of Al (OH) 3 flame retardant is to increase the heat capacity of the polymer, so that it can absorb more heat before the thermal decomposition temperature, thereby improving its flame retardant performance. This kind of flame retardant can give full play to its large amount of heat absorption characteristics when combined with water vapor, and improve its own flame retardant ability.
After adding flame retardants to combustible materials, the flame retardant can form glass or stable foam covering layer at high temperature to isolate oxygen, and has the function of heat insulation, oxygen separation and preventing combustible gas escaping out, so as to achieve the purpose of flame retardant. For example, when the organic phosphorus flame retardant is heated, the cross-linked solid material or the carbonized layer can be more stable. On the one hand, the formation of the carbonized layer can prevent the further pyrolysis of the polymer, on the other hand, it can prevent the thermal decomposition of the polymer and enter the gas phase to participate in the combustion process.
According to the burning chain reaction theory, the free radical is needed to maintain combustion. The flame retardant can act on the gas combustion zone, capture the radicals in the combustion reaction, and thus prevent the flame propagation, reduce the flame density in the combustion zone, and eventually reduce the combustion reaction rate until the termination.
Such as halogen flame retardant, its evaporation temperature and polymer decomposition temperature is the same or similar, when the polymer is heated decomposition, flame retardants are also volatile. At the same time, halogen containing flame retardant and thermal decomposition products are in the gas phase combustion zone simultaneously, and halogen can capture the free radicals in combustion reaction, and interfere with the combustion chain reaction.
When the flame retardant is heated, the non combustible gas is decomposed, and the combustible gas decomposed from the combustible substance is diluted below the burning limit. At the same time, the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone has a dilution effect, which prevents the combustion from continuing and achieves the flame retardant effect.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
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