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Compound flame retardants for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics
2017-11-29 11:05:44
Compound flame retardants for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics
Polyvinyl chloride is a polymer material that uses a chlorine atom instead of a hydrogen atom in polyethylene. It is an amorphous polymer containing a small amount of crystalline structure. The structure of this material is as follows: [- CH2 - CHCl -]n. PVC is a linear polymer with the head - tail structure associated with most of the VCM monomers. The carbon atoms are arranged in a sawtooth form, and all the atoms are connected by a sigma bond. All carbon atoms are SP3 hybrids.
There is a short syndiotactic structure on the PVC chain. With the decrease of the polymerization temperature, the regularity of the syndiotactic structure is improved. Polyvinyl chloride macromolecule structure has some disadvantages such as head structure, branched chain, double bond, allyl chloride, tertiary chlorine and other unstable structure, which makes heat resistance and aging resistance poor. After crosslinking, this kind of defects can be eliminated.
By using ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and melamine (MEL) consisting of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic composite flame retardant finishing of PVC plastics, vertical burning test, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that when APP and MEL ratio is 2:1, poly vinyl chloride (PVC) plastic composite flame retardant the dosage is 25%, the limiting oxygen index of PVC as high as 37%.
After flame retardant finishing, the mass retention rate of plastics increased from 16% to 35% without adding polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic composite flame retardants to 700. When plastic was burned, it could form expansive and expanded coke charcoal layer, and had good intumescent flame retardant effect.
The expandable flame retardant is usually composed of three parts, acid source, gas source and carbon source. The acid source can be inorganic acid or heat compound forming inorganic acid, such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphate and borate etc.: also called air foam source, commonly used melamine and dicyandiamide: carbon source is formed based foam char layer, mainly because some high carbon content of hydroxyl compound such as pentaerythritol and its two dimers, trimers etc..
The intumescent flame retardant is mainly formed by forming a porous carbon layer and playing a flame retardant in the condensed phase. The formation process of the carbon layer is as follows: at low temperature, the acid source decomposes the esterified polyol and the inorganic acid as the dehydrant. With the increase of temperature, inorganic acid and polyhydric alcohol esterification reaction and the reaction process of melting system, water vapor and gas generated by non combustible gases has a molten state foaming system expansion, at the same time, polyol ester dehydration and formed into carbon, inorganic carbon and residue, and further expansion of foam system.
When the reaction is close to completion, the system is coked and solidified to form a porous carbon layer. This layer is insulated, oxygen - insulating and truncated the burning chain, which has the effect of flame retardancy. In addition, composed of intumescent flame retardant P - N - C system with heat will produce nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen (N2) and ammonia (NH3) and other non combustible gases, active free radicals, these gases can capture the combustion depends on such as H? And OH?, leading to the combustion reaction chain disruptions, so intumescent flame retardant has excellent flame retardant performance.
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)Use:
1. Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate Has Excellent Flame Retardancy, Excellent Resistance To Low Temperature And UV Resistance, The Steam Can Only Be Used At 225 ℃ Above The Direct Ignition Can Be Fired, But The Fire The Source Is Immediately Self-Extinguishing. This Product Is A Flame Retardant Not Only Can Improve The Material Level Of Flame Retardant Materials, But Also Improve The Flame Resistance Of Water Resistance, Acid Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. Commonly Used In Flame Retardant Nitrocellulose And Acetate Fiber As The Substrate Of Paint Coatings, Unsaturated Polyester, Polyurethane, Acrylic, Phenolic Resin, Can Also Be Used For Soft PVC Plastic Flame Retardant. This Product Is Used For The Amount Of Unsaturated Polyester 10% To 20%, In The Polyurethane Rigid Foam (Flame Retardant Polyether As Raw Material) Can Be About 10% In The Soft PVC Used As Auxiliary Plastic Flame Retardant When The 5% To 10%. Flame Retardants, Uranium, Thorium, Plutonium, Technetium And Other Rare Metal Separation Solvent Or Extractant.
2. This Product Is Widely Used In Chemical Fiber Fabrics, Cellulose Acetate As A Flame Retardant, In Addition To Self-Extinguishing, But Also Improve Water Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. The General Amount Of 5 To 10 Copies. This Product Is An Excellent Flame Retardant For Synthetic Materials, And Has A Good Role In The Promotion, Widely Used In Cellulose Acetate, Nitrocellulose Varnish, Ethyl Cellulose, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane, Phenolic Resin , In Addition To Self-Extinguishing Products, But Also Improve The Physical Properties Of Products, Products Feel Soft, Also Known As Oil Additives And Rare Elements Of The Extractant, And Flame Retardant Rubber Conveyor Belt Is The Main Flame Retardant Materials , The General Amount Of Added 5% To 10%.
3. Used As Additive Type Halogenated Phosphate Flame Retardant And Plasticizer. Molecules In Both Phosphorus And Chlorine, Flame Retardant Effect Is Remarkable, Not Volatile And Hydrolysis, Good Stability To Ultraviolet Light. Applicable To Phenolic Resin, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane And So On. Also Used As Nitrocellulose Coating Flame Retardant, PVC Flame Retardant Plasticizer, Metal Extractant, Gasoline Additives And Polyimide Processing Aids And So On. Can Improve Water Resistance, Weatherability, Cold Resistance, Antistatic Property. Reference Dosage 5% To 20%.
Intumescent flame retardants have been widely used in the flame retardant finishing of plastics, rubber and synthetic polymers. The flame retardancy used in textile materials is rarely reported. Linen fiber is a cellulose fiber, which is a polyhydroxy polymer and itself is a carbon source. In order to reduce the cost, the experiment was carried out by mixing ammonium polyphosphate (acid source) with melamine vapor source. The plastic (carbon source) was sorted out. The flame retardancy of the plastics was determined by the oxygen index tester, the vertical combustion apparatus and the thermogravimetric analyzer.
After using the intumescent flame retardant with mass fraction of 25%, the whiteness of the plastic was reduced from 92.5% to 90.6%, and the flame retardant finishing had little effect on the whiteness of the plastic.
After the flame-retardant finishing, the strength of the plastic decreased slightly. The permeability of the plastic is reduced from the original 236.2L / m2? S to the finished 180.4L / m2? S. This is because the plastic after finishing, intumescent flame retardant not only fixed on the plastic surface, but also penetrate into the fiber, a limited slip between flax fiber, fiber to the external force, stress concentration, the molecular chain is easier to break, and then lead to decrease the strength of fiber. On the other hand, the plastic in the holes and gaps decrease or smaller, so that the decrease of permeability of plastic.
The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics, composed of APP and MEL, has a good expansion and flame retardant effect on the plastics with a compound flame retardant. When the ratio of APP to MEL is 2:1 and the total mass fraction is 25%, the LOI value of the expandable flame retardant finishing plastic is 37%.
At normal temperature, the flame-retardant linen fiber surface was covered by the flame retardant: the flame retardant began to decompose at about 200 c. The initial weight loss temperature and maximum weight loss rate of the flame retardant plastics are lower than those of the non flame-retardant finishing plastics, but the quality retention rate is much higher than that of the latter.
Intumescent flame retardant finishing the remaining carbon surface of plastics form a thick and dense expanded coke layer, which plays the role of heat insulation, oxygen isolation, cutting off the combustion chain, and has excellent flame retardance effect.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
Polyvinyl chloride is a polymer material that uses a chlorine atom instead of a hydrogen atom in polyethylene. It is an amorphous polymer containing a small amount of crystalline structure. The structure of this material is as follows: [- CH2 - CHCl -]n. PVC is a linear polymer with the head - tail structure associated with most of the VCM monomers. The carbon atoms are arranged in a sawtooth form, and all the atoms are connected by a sigma bond. All carbon atoms are SP3 hybrids.
There is a short syndiotactic structure on the PVC chain. With the decrease of the polymerization temperature, the regularity of the syndiotactic structure is improved. Polyvinyl chloride macromolecule structure has some disadvantages such as head structure, branched chain, double bond, allyl chloride, tertiary chlorine and other unstable structure, which makes heat resistance and aging resistance poor. After crosslinking, this kind of defects can be eliminated.
By using ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and melamine (MEL) consisting of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic composite flame retardant finishing of PVC plastics, vertical burning test, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that when APP and MEL ratio is 2:1, poly vinyl chloride (PVC) plastic composite flame retardant the dosage is 25%, the limiting oxygen index of PVC as high as 37%.
After flame retardant finishing, the mass retention rate of plastics increased from 16% to 35% without adding polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic composite flame retardants to 700. When plastic was burned, it could form expansive and expanded coke charcoal layer, and had good intumescent flame retardant effect.
The expandable flame retardant is usually composed of three parts, acid source, gas source and carbon source. The acid source can be inorganic acid or heat compound forming inorganic acid, such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphate and borate etc.: also called air foam source, commonly used melamine and dicyandiamide: carbon source is formed based foam char layer, mainly because some high carbon content of hydroxyl compound such as pentaerythritol and its two dimers, trimers etc..
The intumescent flame retardant is mainly formed by forming a porous carbon layer and playing a flame retardant in the condensed phase. The formation process of the carbon layer is as follows: at low temperature, the acid source decomposes the esterified polyol and the inorganic acid as the dehydrant. With the increase of temperature, inorganic acid and polyhydric alcohol esterification reaction and the reaction process of melting system, water vapor and gas generated by non combustible gases has a molten state foaming system expansion, at the same time, polyol ester dehydration and formed into carbon, inorganic carbon and residue, and further expansion of foam system.
When the reaction is close to completion, the system is coked and solidified to form a porous carbon layer. This layer is insulated, oxygen - insulating and truncated the burning chain, which has the effect of flame retardancy. In addition, composed of intumescent flame retardant P - N - C system with heat will produce nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen (N2) and ammonia (NH3) and other non combustible gases, active free radicals, these gases can capture the combustion depends on such as H? And OH?, leading to the combustion reaction chain disruptions, so intumescent flame retardant has excellent flame retardant performance.
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)Use:
1. Tris (2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate Has Excellent Flame Retardancy, Excellent Resistance To Low Temperature And UV Resistance, The Steam Can Only Be Used At 225 ℃ Above The Direct Ignition Can Be Fired, But The Fire The Source Is Immediately Self-Extinguishing. This Product Is A Flame Retardant Not Only Can Improve The Material Level Of Flame Retardant Materials, But Also Improve The Flame Resistance Of Water Resistance, Acid Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. Commonly Used In Flame Retardant Nitrocellulose And Acetate Fiber As The Substrate Of Paint Coatings, Unsaturated Polyester, Polyurethane, Acrylic, Phenolic Resin, Can Also Be Used For Soft PVC Plastic Flame Retardant. This Product Is Used For The Amount Of Unsaturated Polyester 10% To 20%, In The Polyurethane Rigid Foam (Flame Retardant Polyether As Raw Material) Can Be About 10% In The Soft PVC Used As Auxiliary Plastic Flame Retardant When The 5% To 10%. Flame Retardants, Uranium, Thorium, Plutonium, Technetium And Other Rare Metal Separation Solvent Or Extractant.
2. This Product Is Widely Used In Chemical Fiber Fabrics, Cellulose Acetate As A Flame Retardant, In Addition To Self-Extinguishing, But Also Improve Water Resistance, Cold Resistance And Antistatic Properties. The General Amount Of 5 To 10 Copies. This Product Is An Excellent Flame Retardant For Synthetic Materials, And Has A Good Role In The Promotion, Widely Used In Cellulose Acetate, Nitrocellulose Varnish, Ethyl Cellulose, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane, Phenolic Resin , In Addition To Self-Extinguishing Products, But Also Improve The Physical Properties Of Products, Products Feel Soft, Also Known As Oil Additives And Rare Elements Of The Extractant, And Flame Retardant Rubber Conveyor Belt Is The Main Flame Retardant Materials , The General Amount Of Added 5% To 10%.
3. Used As Additive Type Halogenated Phosphate Flame Retardant And Plasticizer. Molecules In Both Phosphorus And Chlorine, Flame Retardant Effect Is Remarkable, Not Volatile And Hydrolysis, Good Stability To Ultraviolet Light. Applicable To Phenolic Resin, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polyurethane And So On. Also Used As Nitrocellulose Coating Flame Retardant, PVC Flame Retardant Plasticizer, Metal Extractant, Gasoline Additives And Polyimide Processing Aids And So On. Can Improve Water Resistance, Weatherability, Cold Resistance, Antistatic Property. Reference Dosage 5% To 20%.
Intumescent flame retardants have been widely used in the flame retardant finishing of plastics, rubber and synthetic polymers. The flame retardancy used in textile materials is rarely reported. Linen fiber is a cellulose fiber, which is a polyhydroxy polymer and itself is a carbon source. In order to reduce the cost, the experiment was carried out by mixing ammonium polyphosphate (acid source) with melamine vapor source. The plastic (carbon source) was sorted out. The flame retardancy of the plastics was determined by the oxygen index tester, the vertical combustion apparatus and the thermogravimetric analyzer.
After using the intumescent flame retardant with mass fraction of 25%, the whiteness of the plastic was reduced from 92.5% to 90.6%, and the flame retardant finishing had little effect on the whiteness of the plastic.
After the flame-retardant finishing, the strength of the plastic decreased slightly. The permeability of the plastic is reduced from the original 236.2L / m2? S to the finished 180.4L / m2? S. This is because the plastic after finishing, intumescent flame retardant not only fixed on the plastic surface, but also penetrate into the fiber, a limited slip between flax fiber, fiber to the external force, stress concentration, the molecular chain is easier to break, and then lead to decrease the strength of fiber. On the other hand, the plastic in the holes and gaps decrease or smaller, so that the decrease of permeability of plastic.
The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics, composed of APP and MEL, has a good expansion and flame retardant effect on the plastics with a compound flame retardant. When the ratio of APP to MEL is 2:1 and the total mass fraction is 25%, the LOI value of the expandable flame retardant finishing plastic is 37%.
At normal temperature, the flame-retardant linen fiber surface was covered by the flame retardant: the flame retardant began to decompose at about 200 c. The initial weight loss temperature and maximum weight loss rate of the flame retardant plastics are lower than those of the non flame-retardant finishing plastics, but the quality retention rate is much higher than that of the latter.
Intumescent flame retardant finishing the remaining carbon surface of plastics form a thick and dense expanded coke layer, which plays the role of heat insulation, oxygen isolation, cutting off the combustion chain, and has excellent flame retardance effect.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
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