News Details
Amine antioxidants
2018-1-17 11:24:44
Amine antioxidants are the oldest and most effective antioxidants. The protective effect of amine antioxidant on oxygen and ozone is very good, and the protection against light, heat, torsion and copper is also very prominent. But most of the color is darker, or it will become discolored after heat, and it is highly toxic and is used less in the plastics industry.
In the recent development trend, the amine antioxidant will gradually be replaced by phenolic antioxidant. In addition to improving its application performance, the main research on the development of new amines is to study how to overcome the above disadvantages.
The structure and antioxidant properties of arylamine were studied, and the results showed that its antioxidant efficiency was significantly related to the potential of aromatic amines. High efficiency aromatic amine antioxidant, its electric potential is in 0 7 ~ 0 9. It is reported that the introduction of silicon into the molecules can reduce the toxicity of the amine antioxidant and improve the heat resistance and antioxidant efficiency of amines.
In addition, by introducing hydroxyl into the molecule, it can reduce the colorability of amine antioxidant. Other studies have shown that the compatibility of amines can be improved by aryl alkylation or alkyl substitution. In recent years in the research and development of hindered amine antioxidants are very active, it may be that the hindered amine compounds not only can be used as an antioxidant, and is the excellent performance of light and heat stabilizer.
For example, 2,2,6,6 The compound of tetramethylpiperidine is currently the most excellent light stabilizer, with good stability, low color and pollution. So the introduction of it into the antioxidant molecules, no doubt gave the product a variety of functions.
In addition, Holderbaum et al. introduced the phosphatide group into the molecule of hindered amine antioxidant, which is said to be better performance. The research and development of high-efficiency, multi-functional and multi-functional group products are the development trend of hindered amine antioxidant, among which the hindered amine derivatives are quite remarkable (HASL).
Amine antioxidants which hindered amine "(hindered amines, or HALS.) a variety of antioxidants. In order to prevent or inhibit chain reaction and chain growth reaction by capturing oxygen free radicals, the free radical chain reaction is terminated so as to prevent oxidation.
Hindered amine is a relatively new type of uv/anti-aging agent, because of the high polymer aging is caused by ultraviolet light REDOX reaction and free radical damage caused by high polymer molecular structures and resulting in the degradation of polymer, this process is called aging.
Hindered amine is commonly used with other anti-aging agents (such as benzole, diphenylketone, etc.) to achieve better results than alone. It is mainly naphthylamine, diphenylamine, phenylenediamine and so on.
Triphenyl phosphite (antioxidant, stabilizer TPPi) production process
1. Phosphorus oxychloride as the direct method (also called thermal method) phenol with pyridine and anhydrous benzene as solvent, in no more than 10 ℃ temperature, slowly add oxygen phosphorus chloride, then under reflux temperature, the reaction of 3 ~ 4 h. After cooling to room temperature, the reactants are washed by water to recycle pyridine. After centrifugal dehydration, the reagents are dehydrated with dried sodium sulfate, which is filtered to remove sodium sulfate. The first atmospheric distillation recovery of benzene, vacuum distillation, collected 243 ~ 245 ℃ (1.47 kPa) fraction, by cooling, crystallization, crushing is the finished product.
2. After phenol melting, stirring under add phosphorus trichloride under 25 ℃, Triphenyl phosphite is generated; Then heat up to 70 ℃ ventilation with chlorine gas, generated two chlorinated triphenyl phosphate; Again at 50 ℃ water hydrolysis, triphenyl phosphate. The hydrolysate with 5% soda solution for neutralization, water washing, the evaporation and vacuum distillation, collected 243 ~ 245 ℃ (1.47 kPa) fractions, cooling, crystallization, crushing, packaging is the finished product.
Triphenyl phosphite (TPPi antioxidants, stabilizer) is mainly used in PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester, abs resin, epoxy resin, synthetic rubber antioxidant stabilizer, used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products as a chelating agent.
Naphthylamine molecular formula H2NC10H7. There are two isomers of 1- naphthylamine (a- naphthylamine) and 2- naphthylamine (beta - naphthylamine).
1- naphthylamine is a colorless needle crystal; 50 ℃ melting point, boiling point 300.8 ℃, relative density 1.1229 (25/25 ℃); Soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ethyl ether; Having an unpleasant smell; In the air gradually oxidize red, should avoid the light seal preservation.
1- naphthylamine property: white needle crystal. 50 ℃ melting point, boiling point 301 ℃, relative density 1.1229 (25/25 ℃), the refractive index of 1.6703 (51 ℃). Flash point 157 ℃, soluble in alcohol and ether, soluble in 590 water. Can be sublimated, can evaporate with water vapor. In the air, xiao gradually oxidizes to red, has unpleasant smell.
2- naphthylamine is white to pale red leaf crystal; Melting point 113 ℃, boiling point 306.1 ℃, relative density 1.0614 (98/4 ℃); Soluble in hot water, ethanol, ether; As the water vapor evaporates, the light seal should be kept. Electrophilic substitution reaction can occur on naphthalene ring of naphthylamine; The amino and nitric acid of naphthylamine forms diazonium salts, which can be converted into a variety of naphthalene derivatives.
Diphenylamine is a white to light gray crystal with volatile and toxic effects. It can be used to identify DNA and nitrates. A stabilizer for dyes and explosives.
Diphenylamine is a white to light gray crystal. The smell of flowers and aniline should be kept away from light. 53 ℃ melting point, boiling point of 302 ℃. Insoluble in water, soluble in carbon disulfide, benzene, ethanol, ether and so on. Can produce salt with strong acid. DNA meets diphenylamine (boiling water bath) and turns blue. Diphenylamine can be used as a reagent for DNA identification.
The sulfuric acid solution of diphenylamine produces blue precipitation of aniline blue, which can be used to identify nitrates.
Para-phenylene diamine (p - Phenylenediamine), also known as ur silk D, is one of the most simple aromatic diamine, is also a kind of widely used intermediates, can be used for preparing the azo dyes, polymers, also can be used in the production of fur dyeing agent, rubber stabilizer and photo developer, para-phenylene diamine or other commonly used inspection iron and copper sensitive reagents. Phenylene diamine is an important intermediate of dyes, mainly used in aramid, azo dyes, sulfide dyes, acid dyes and so on.
The main physical properties of phenylenediamine: phenylenediamine is white to mauve - red flake crystal, flammable. Melting point of 138-138 ℃, boiling point 138 ℃, flash point 155.6 ℃. Slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in hot water, ethanol, ether, chloroform and benzene. To be purplish red or dark brown in the air. Can be sublimated. The product is toxic and is basically the same as phthalamines.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
In the recent development trend, the amine antioxidant will gradually be replaced by phenolic antioxidant. In addition to improving its application performance, the main research on the development of new amines is to study how to overcome the above disadvantages.
The structure and antioxidant properties of arylamine were studied, and the results showed that its antioxidant efficiency was significantly related to the potential of aromatic amines. High efficiency aromatic amine antioxidant, its electric potential is in 0 7 ~ 0 9. It is reported that the introduction of silicon into the molecules can reduce the toxicity of the amine antioxidant and improve the heat resistance and antioxidant efficiency of amines.
In addition, by introducing hydroxyl into the molecule, it can reduce the colorability of amine antioxidant. Other studies have shown that the compatibility of amines can be improved by aryl alkylation or alkyl substitution. In recent years in the research and development of hindered amine antioxidants are very active, it may be that the hindered amine compounds not only can be used as an antioxidant, and is the excellent performance of light and heat stabilizer.
For example, 2,2,6,6 The compound of tetramethylpiperidine is currently the most excellent light stabilizer, with good stability, low color and pollution. So the introduction of it into the antioxidant molecules, no doubt gave the product a variety of functions.
In addition, Holderbaum et al. introduced the phosphatide group into the molecule of hindered amine antioxidant, which is said to be better performance. The research and development of high-efficiency, multi-functional and multi-functional group products are the development trend of hindered amine antioxidant, among which the hindered amine derivatives are quite remarkable (HASL).
Amine antioxidants which hindered amine "(hindered amines, or HALS.) a variety of antioxidants. In order to prevent or inhibit chain reaction and chain growth reaction by capturing oxygen free radicals, the free radical chain reaction is terminated so as to prevent oxidation.
Hindered amine is a relatively new type of uv/anti-aging agent, because of the high polymer aging is caused by ultraviolet light REDOX reaction and free radical damage caused by high polymer molecular structures and resulting in the degradation of polymer, this process is called aging.
Hindered amine is commonly used with other anti-aging agents (such as benzole, diphenylketone, etc.) to achieve better results than alone. It is mainly naphthylamine, diphenylamine, phenylenediamine and so on.
Triphenyl phosphite (antioxidant, stabilizer TPPi) production process
1. Phosphorus oxychloride as the direct method (also called thermal method) phenol with pyridine and anhydrous benzene as solvent, in no more than 10 ℃ temperature, slowly add oxygen phosphorus chloride, then under reflux temperature, the reaction of 3 ~ 4 h. After cooling to room temperature, the reactants are washed by water to recycle pyridine. After centrifugal dehydration, the reagents are dehydrated with dried sodium sulfate, which is filtered to remove sodium sulfate. The first atmospheric distillation recovery of benzene, vacuum distillation, collected 243 ~ 245 ℃ (1.47 kPa) fraction, by cooling, crystallization, crushing is the finished product.
2. After phenol melting, stirring under add phosphorus trichloride under 25 ℃, Triphenyl phosphite is generated; Then heat up to 70 ℃ ventilation with chlorine gas, generated two chlorinated triphenyl phosphate; Again at 50 ℃ water hydrolysis, triphenyl phosphate. The hydrolysate with 5% soda solution for neutralization, water washing, the evaporation and vacuum distillation, collected 243 ~ 245 ℃ (1.47 kPa) fractions, cooling, crystallization, crushing, packaging is the finished product.
Triphenyl phosphite (TPPi antioxidants, stabilizer) is mainly used in PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester, abs resin, epoxy resin, synthetic rubber antioxidant stabilizer, used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products as a chelating agent.
Naphthylamine molecular formula H2NC10H7. There are two isomers of 1- naphthylamine (a- naphthylamine) and 2- naphthylamine (beta - naphthylamine).
1- naphthylamine is a colorless needle crystal; 50 ℃ melting point, boiling point 300.8 ℃, relative density 1.1229 (25/25 ℃); Soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ethyl ether; Having an unpleasant smell; In the air gradually oxidize red, should avoid the light seal preservation.
1- naphthylamine property: white needle crystal. 50 ℃ melting point, boiling point 301 ℃, relative density 1.1229 (25/25 ℃), the refractive index of 1.6703 (51 ℃). Flash point 157 ℃, soluble in alcohol and ether, soluble in 590 water. Can be sublimated, can evaporate with water vapor. In the air, xiao gradually oxidizes to red, has unpleasant smell.
2- naphthylamine is white to pale red leaf crystal; Melting point 113 ℃, boiling point 306.1 ℃, relative density 1.0614 (98/4 ℃); Soluble in hot water, ethanol, ether; As the water vapor evaporates, the light seal should be kept. Electrophilic substitution reaction can occur on naphthalene ring of naphthylamine; The amino and nitric acid of naphthylamine forms diazonium salts, which can be converted into a variety of naphthalene derivatives.
Diphenylamine is a white to light gray crystal with volatile and toxic effects. It can be used to identify DNA and nitrates. A stabilizer for dyes and explosives.
Diphenylamine is a white to light gray crystal. The smell of flowers and aniline should be kept away from light. 53 ℃ melting point, boiling point of 302 ℃. Insoluble in water, soluble in carbon disulfide, benzene, ethanol, ether and so on. Can produce salt with strong acid. DNA meets diphenylamine (boiling water bath) and turns blue. Diphenylamine can be used as a reagent for DNA identification.
The sulfuric acid solution of diphenylamine produces blue precipitation of aniline blue, which can be used to identify nitrates.
Para-phenylene diamine (p - Phenylenediamine), also known as ur silk D, is one of the most simple aromatic diamine, is also a kind of widely used intermediates, can be used for preparing the azo dyes, polymers, also can be used in the production of fur dyeing agent, rubber stabilizer and photo developer, para-phenylene diamine or other commonly used inspection iron and copper sensitive reagents. Phenylene diamine is an important intermediate of dyes, mainly used in aramid, azo dyes, sulfide dyes, acid dyes and so on.
The main physical properties of phenylenediamine: phenylenediamine is white to mauve - red flake crystal, flammable. Melting point of 138-138 ℃, boiling point 138 ℃, flash point 155.6 ℃. Slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in hot water, ethanol, ether, chloroform and benzene. To be purplish red or dark brown in the air. Can be sublimated. The product is toxic and is basically the same as phthalamines.
Copyright: Zhang Jia Gang YaRui Chemical co.,Ltd
http://www.yaruichem.com
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